渤黄海海平面的变化及其与ENSO的关系  

Mean sealevel change in East China Sea and its response to ENSO

作　　者：刘雪源[1] 刘玉光[1] 郭琳[1] 顾艳镇[1] 刘亚豪[1] 马玉娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学物理海洋实验室,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《海洋通报》2009年第5期34-42,共9页Marine Science Bulletin

基　　金：973-2007CB411807

摘　　要：利用1992年12月至2007年5月的高度计资料,研究了渤黄海海平面的变化特征。统计分析表明,近14a间渤海及北黄海、中央黄海海平面的平均上升高度分别为45.9mm和34.7mm,各海域的海平面上升速度不完全相同。研究发现,南方涛动指数(SOI)、纬向风应力距平都与渤海及北黄海、中央黄海的SLA呈负相关性,渤黄海海平面显著受SOI、纬向风应力调制,并且,SOI与渤黄海海域的风场之间有良好相关。将坐标系进行旋转后,获得与当地海平面异常相关最大的风应力方向。对SLA与新坐标系下风应力距平u的低频分量分析发现,渤海及北黄海海区、中央黄海对海平面影响最大的风应力距平u方向分别为东偏南20°方向、东偏南8°方向,风应力距平u分量与SLA、SOI的低频分量呈现更好的相关性。ENSO通过大气环流过程对渤黄海海域的风场产生影响,当地风场通过纬向风应力对渤黄海海平面的年际变化产生调制作用。因此,ENSO可以通过风应力对渤黄海海平面产生影响。The mean sea level change in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea was investigated based on the Sea Level Anomalies （SLA） altimeter data provided by CNES. In the past 14 years, the rising rates have reached 3.278mm/yr and 2.479mm/yr respectively in the Bohai Sea and the North Yellow Sea, and the Central Yellow Sea, indicating a spatial difference. Correlative analysis shows that low frequency components of SLA have reverse response to SOI and zonal wind stress anomalies over the Bohai Sea and the North Yellow Sea, and the Central Yellow Sea. It is obvious that sea level variability is closely related to SOI and zonal wind stress anomalies, indicating that sea level in the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea are dominated by El Nino, as well as zonal wind stress. There is also a good relationship between SOI and the wind field over the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea, of which the low frequency components is corresponding to ENSO. By correlative analysis between SLA and wind stress anomalies u component in the new coordinate system, a better relationship is got, and the direction of wind stress strongly affecting the sea level is 20 degrees and 8 degrees south of east respectively, over the Bohai Sea and the North Yellow Sea, and the Central Yellow Sea. Based on the analysis above, a conclusion could be drawn that zonal wind stress affects the sea level significantly, indicating that ENSO impacts on wind filed of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea by means of air circulation, hence affecting the sea level. To sum up, ENSO and wind stress contribute to the sea level change over the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea. In detail, ENSO impacts wind filed of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea by means of air circulation, hence affecting the interannual change of sea level, and sea surface wind responses well to ENSO, showing that ENSO could affect the sea level of the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea through mechanism of wind stress.

关 键 词：海平面异常 风应力 ENSO 渤海 黄海 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学] P732