废弃印刷电路板脱焊设备的研制与应用  

Development and Application of Uunsoldering Equipment for Printed Circuit Board Scraps

作　　者：赵子文[1] 王玉琳[1] 宋守许[1] 刘光复[1] 刘志峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学机械与汽车工程学院,合肥230009

出　　处：《组合机床与自动化加工技术》2009年第10期95-98,共4页Modular Machine Tool & Automatic Manufacturing Technique

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAF02A17)

摘　　要：实现废弃印刷电路板上电子元件和基板的无损脱焊分离,一直是电子电器产品回收的难点。根据废弃印刷电路板的结构特征,在分析比较国内外现有脱焊方法的基础上,选用液态焊锡加热熔化废弃印刷电路板上的焊料,配合使用机械冲击和机械振动达到了电子元件拆卸的目的。给出了脱焊设备的结构布局和控制系统的模块组成,详细介绍了脱焊流程,并对脱焊过程产生的烟气和尘埃进行了收集处置。最终研制出了样机,并在家电回收示范线连续使用。实践表明,该设备使废弃印刷电路板的脱焊操作高效、安全、可靠、节能、环保,而且元件损坏率低。The realization of electronic components＇ non-destructive unsoldering separation from PCB scraps has ever been a tough challenge for eletronic and electrical products＇ recycling. According to the PCBs＇ structure feature, based on the analysis and comparison of existing unsoldering methods at home and abroad, liquid tin solder is selected to heat and melt the solders of PCB scraps and the mechanical shock and vibration are used to achieve the electronic components＇ unsoldering purpose. The mechanical structure layout and the control system composition of the unsoldering equipment are given in the paper. The unsoldering process is introduced in detail and the smoke and dust generated in the procedure of unsoldering are collected and disposed properly. Finally the unsoldering equipment prototype is developed and put into use in recycling demonstra- tion line of electrical home appfiances. Practice shows that the equipment has the advantages of efficiency, safety, reliability, energy-saving and environmental protection, moreover, the damage rate of the electronic components is low.

关 键 词：脱焊 印刷电路板(PCBs) 电子元件 回收 

分 类 号：TN41[电子电信—微电子学与固体电子学] TN949.12