水蒸气活化制备生物质活性炭的实验研究  

Preparation of biomass activated carbon by steam activation

作　　者：李勤[1] 金保升[1] 黄亚继[1] 仲兆平[1] 李斌[1] 孙宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院,南京210096

出　　处：《东南大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第5期1008-1011,共4页Journal of Southeast University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助项目(2007CB210208);国家自然科学基金资助项目(50776019);教育部博士点基金资助项目(20070286034);东南大学优秀青年教师资助项目(4003001012)

摘　　要：以稻壳、花生壳和玉米芯为原料,采用物理活化法以水蒸气为活化剂制备得到活性炭.分析了水蒸气活化机理,并通过对活性炭得率高低、亚甲基蓝脱色效果强弱的比较,讨论了活化时间(t)、活化温度(T)和水蒸气流量(QH2O)对活性炭的炭活化得率(Cyield)和吸附性能的影响.实验结果表明:随着t的延长和T的升高,3种原料制得的Cyield不断降低,活性炭的吸附性能先升高后降低;随着QH2O的增加,Cyield先降低后升高,活性炭的吸附性能先升高后降低.通过比较,得出玉米芯是3种原料中最佳的制备活性炭的物质,其最佳工艺条件为T=800℃,t=90min和QH2O=15mL/h,所制备的活性炭得率为26.18%,亚甲基蓝吸附值为150mL/g,比表面积为924.48m2/g,孔平均尺寸为2.4nm.Biomass activated carbon prepared from rice hulls, peanut shell and com cob by steam activation were studied. The reaction mechanism of the yield of activated carbon （ Cyield ） iS discussed. Experimental results show that the effects of activation temperature, activation time and flowrate of steam on the adsorption properties were investigated by comparing the yield of Cyield, methylene blue （MB） adsorption. The yield of Cyield decreases and adsorption performance increases first and then decreases with the increase of activation time and activation temperature. The yield of Cyield decreases firstly and then increases with the increase of flowrate of steam. Adsorption performance increases firstly and then decreases with the increase of flowrate of steam. Corn cob is the best raw material for Cyield, The optimum activated conditions are activation temperature 800℃, activation time 90 min and the flowrate of steam 15 mL/h. Under these conditions the activated carbon yield, the methylene blue adsorption, the specific surface area and the average pore size are 26.18%, 150 mL/ g, 924.48 m^2/g and 2.4 mm respectively.

关 键 词：生物质 活性炭 水蒸气活化 

分 类 号：TQ424[化学工程]