苏北农田林网对稻田小气候及水稻光合作用和产量的影响  

Effects of Farmland Shelterbelt Nets on Photosynthesis and Grain Yield of Rice and Paddy Field Microclimate in Northern Jiangsu

作　　者：葛道阔[1] 曹宏鑫[1] 夏礼如[1] 吴心强 李小艳 顾启花 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]宿迁市宿城区农业技术推广站,江苏宿迁223800

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2009年第5期945-951,共7页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业三项工程项目[SX(2006)119]

摘　　要：选择江苏省宿迁市2个农田林网典型乡镇为样点,按不同方位林带和不同林缘距离,即1/6H(H为林带平均高度)、1/3H、1/2H和2H处(对照)设置试验样方,于水稻主要生育期,分别观测水稻群体分层的光照度、温度、相对湿度和CO2浓度,同时测定水稻叶片的SPAD值和净光合速率(Pn)等,并于水稻成熟期测定产量及产量结构。结果表明,随着与林缘距离减小,样方水稻的光合速率逐渐降低,而水稻群体内的温度、相对湿度和CO2浓度的变化不明显;水稻产量连续下降,其主要原因是单位面积穗数的大幅度降低;而不同林缘距离样方水稻的千粒重和结实率变化甚微。该研究结果可为苏北农田林网的合理规划和科学更新、促进农林双赢提供依据。Two typical township of farmland shelterbelt nets in Suqian City of Jiangsu Province were selected as experimental sites, and the quadrats were set up according to different orientations and different distances from the forest edge （ 1/6H, 1/3H, 1/2H and 2H. H means the average height of forest）. The light intensity, temperature, relative humidity and CO2 concentration were observed at different stratifications in rice population at the main growth stage. Meanwhile, chlorophyll meter（SPAD） and net photosynthetic rate （Pn） of rice functional leaves were determined, yield and its components were also determined at maturity stages of rice. The results were as follows ： with the shortened distance from the for- est edge, photosynthetic rate of rice quadrats were gradually reduced; while thetemperature, relative humidity and CO2con- centration in rice population did not change significantly; rice yield declined in a row, mainly because of a significant decreased panicles per unit area. Rice 1000-grain weight and seed-setting rate in quadrats at different distances fi＇om the forest edge changed little. The results of this study provided a basis for rational planning and scientific updates for farmland shelterbelt nets and seeking for a win-win situation of agriculture and forestry in Northern Jiangsu.

关 键 词：苏北 农田林网 水稻 小气候 SPAD值 净光合速率 产量 

分 类 号：S511.019[农业科学—作物学]