过度集聚、效率损失与生产要素合理配置研究  

Research on over-clustering,efficiency loss and rational allocation of produ ction elements

作　　者：唐根年[1] 管志伟[1] 秦辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学经贸管理学院,浙江杭州310023

出　　处：《经济学家》2009年第11期52-59,共8页Economist

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"基于产业集群导向的跨区域群体投资机制研究"(编号:70773105);"产业组织动态演化的种群密度分析和资源分割策略研究"(编号:70872100)资助研究的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文采用区位基尼系数、赫芬达尔指数、空间分散度指数反映中国制造业空间集聚总体态势,发现制造业空间集聚程度总体呈上升趋势,东南沿海地区成为制造业的重要集聚地。但并非所有制造业行业生产效率与产业聚集程度呈正相关,一些制造业空间聚集过度并呈现生产要素拥挤迹象,生产要素配置存在输入剩余和输出亏空。根据利润——规模指数关系特征,分析判断制造业空间集聚的合理性,并据此将制造业归类为集聚推进型、集聚适度型、集聚过度型三大类型。DEA分析结果表明:典型集聚过度型制造业客观存在生产要素的输入过剩和输出效率损失问题,应当调整生产要素配置策略、或进行异地产业转移。This article uses locational gini coefficient, herfindal index, and spatial dispersion index to reflect the overall trends of spatial clustering of China＇ s manufacturing industries. We find that it rises on the whole and the east and south coastal areas have become the important clustering place. However, not all manufacturing industries＇ production efficiency is positively related to the industrial clustering level. The space of some manufacturing industries clusters excessively, and the production elements are crowded. There are input surplus and output deficit in the allocation of production elements. According to the characteristics of the index relationship between profit and scale, we analyze and judge the rationality of spatial clustering of the manufacturing industries, and classify them into three types, growing clustering, appropriate clustering, and over- clustering. The DEA analysis results show that： the typical over - clustering industries have problems of input surplus and output efficiency loss in production elements objectively; and it is necessary to adjust the production element allocation strategy or transfer those industries to other places.

关 键 词：过度集聚 效率损失 生产要素拥挤 DEA分析 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]