墨脱县野生兰科植物资源及开发利用  

The Wild Orchidaceae Resources in Motuo County and the Resource Exploitation

作　　者：侯方 王亮 

机构地区：[1]玉溪农业职业技术学院,云南玉溪653106

出　　处：《中国林副特产》2009年第5期77-80,共4页Forest By-product and Speciality in China

摘　　要：来自印度洋的暖湿气流被喜马拉雅山脉和雅鲁藏布江大峡谷阻隔,造就了藏东南墨脱县的地貌特征。季风气候导致了从高山到相对孤立的亚热带地区都有植物生长,并且具有丰富的多样性。极其众多的地貌,加之水汽光热的充分供给,因而保留了许多兰科植物的特有种和变种。兰科植物在墨脱县全境都有分布,种类多样,特有种多且特征突出,变异类型丰富。这些种类的性质、成分和变化的记录是指明墨脱甚至青藏高原植被进化的重要依据。但迄今为止,尚未能找到关于本地区兰科植物多样性的权威和全面的记录。根据实地考察和文献资料相结合的方法,试图调查和统计墨脱县的野生兰科植物种类,一共记录到了墨脱县野生兰科植物54属,148种和三变种。对这些兰科植物的生境和生态特征进行了描述,并对观赏价值,资源现状做出了扼要说明,并就保护与开发利用提出了建议。Himalayan Mountains and Yaluzangbu Gorges that receive moisture-laden air from the Indian Ocean characterize the landscape of Motou County, located in southeastern Tibet. The resultant monsoon climate supports a rich diversity of plant growth from the alpine peaks to the isolated pockets of subtropical rainforest. This extremely diverse landscape, supplied with abundant sunlight and moisture, is home to many species and variations of Orchidaceae. Large quantities of peculiar species, and abundant variations of Orchidaceae are distributed throughout Motou County. Recording the character and variety of such species has been an important undertaking, pointing to the evolving nature of Motuo County even Tibet tableland＇s vegetation. To date there has been no definitive and comprehensive record made of the variety of Orchidaceae found in this area. In this paper I will seek to record my findings for the Orchidaceae species in Motou County. A total of 54 genera, 148 species, and three variations of Orchidaceae have been included. Descriptions of their distribution and characteristics are included. In addition, brief advice on the protection and utilization of these natural resources is provided.

关 键 词：野生兰科植物 资源现状 保护 开发 墨脱县 

分 类 号：S731.2[农业科学—林学] Q949.718.430.8[生物学—植物学]