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机构地区:[1]华东理工大学化学工程研究所,膜科学与工程研发中心,上海200237
出 处:《膜科学与技术》2009年第5期49-53,共5页Membrane Science and Technology
基 金:国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)资助(2003CB615705)
摘 要:为考察电解质溶液中不同离子在膜表面的吸附作用,采用自制的截留相对分子质量40000的PVDF中空纤维超滤膜进行电性能和渗透性能表征.由于PVDF无可离子化基团或固有电荷,可大大简化模型,因而考察了膜在1mmol/L四种不同类型电解质(阴阳离子价态)KCl(1:1),K2804(1:2),MgCl2(2:1)和MgS04(2:2)溶液中不同pH下的zeta电势.结果发现:在pH3~9之间,膜在MgCl2,MgS04,KCl和K2S04溶液中的等电点分别为7.4,7.0,6.9和5.5.这是由于膜表面吸附离子的迁移速率不同造成的.离子的化合价和水合离子半径对离子迁移速率的影响非常大.迁移速率更快的离子可在膜表面吸附得更多,并产生一层过量的离子层,对膜表面电荷的影响力更大.不同离子的迁移速率决定了膜不同的等电点,膜在电解质溶液中的截留结果与相应的zeta电势吻合.在等电点附近的截留为零,而往两侧逐渐升高.膜的通量在等电点处最大,往两侧逐渐降低.In order to neglect the intrinsic charge of the membrane and concentrate on the effect of the ions ad- sorbed on the surface of membranes, the present work focused on the electrokinetic and permeation performance of PVDF membrane having molecular weight cut- off (MWCO) of 40 000. zeta potential was measured in 1 mmol/L four types electrolyte solutions, those were (valences of anion and cation ions) KCI(1:1 ), K2SO4 (1:2) ,MgC12(2 : 1 ) ,MgSO4(2 : 2). Isoelectric points (IEP) in 1 mmol/L electrolyte solutions were 7.4(Mg- Cl2) ,7.0(mgSO4), 6.9(KCI), 5.5(K2804) in the pH range of 3 to 9, which can be explained by their adsorp- tion causing by different mobility. The hydrated radii and valence of ions had strong effect on the ionic mobility. Quicker ion can adsorb more on membrane surface and form excess layer which can influence membrane charge. Different ionic mobility resulted in different IEP. Rejections in electrolytes solutions matched the relevant zeta potential very well. They showed zero near the isoelectric point (IEP) and increased in both sides. Fluxes were largest at IEP and decreased in both ways.
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