几种含氮有机物标准摩尔燃烧焓和比热的测定  

Standard Combustion Enthalpy and Thermal Capacity of Some Nitrogenous Organisms

作　　者：陈玲玲[1] 周彩荣[1] 石晓华[1] 

机构地区：[1]郑州大学化工学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《高校化学工程学报》2009年第5期729-735,共7页Journal of Chemical Engineering of Chinese Universities

基　　金：河南省自然科学基金资助项目(0211020800)

摘　　要：用XRY-1C微机氧弹式量热计测定了吡虫啉、2-硝基亚氨基-咪唑烷(简称咪唑烷)、2,5-双(2-硝基亚胺基咪唑烷)吡啶(简称NMP)的标准摩尔燃烧焓,其值分别为-5536.34kJ·mol-1,-2017.64kJ·mol-1,-7976.55kJ·mol-1,并用萘作标准物检测了仪器的可靠性,其测定值与实验值的绝对误差为4.53kJ·mol-1,相对误差为0.088%。用DSC-60差示扫描量热仪测定了吡虫啉、咪唑烷、NMP的熔点和熔融焓,其熔点分别为416.8K、495.13K、423.85K,熔融焓分别为-109.93、-265.55、-102.22J·g-1。用DSC差式扫描量热法还测定了吡虫啉、咪唑烷、NMP和苯甲酸在不同温度范围内的比热,并建立起定压热容CP随温度的变化关系,为吡虫啉、咪唑烷、NMP的工艺开发、工程设计以及工业化生产提供了热力学基础数据。Using XRY-1C calorimeter,the standard enthalpy of three nitrogenous organisms,imidacloprid,imidazolidine and 2-nitriminoimidazolidine,1,1＇-（2,5-pyridinediyl）bis-（NMP）,were determined to be -5536.34,-2017.64,-7976.55 kJ·mol^-1,respectively. The reliability of the used instrument was tested by using naphthalene as reference material; and through comparing the measured combustion enthalpy of naphthalene with its standard value found in literature,the absolute error and relative error were found to be 4.53 kJ·mol^-1 and 0.088%,respectively. The melting points and melting enthalpies of above three nitrogenous organisms were investigated too by Differential Scanning Calorimetric （DSC）; the melting points were found to be 416.8 K,495.13 K and 423.85 K,and the melting enthalpies to be -109.93,-265.55,-102.22 J·g^-1,respectively for imidacloprid,imidazolidine and NMP. Using the DSC method,the heat capacities Cp of the three nitrogenous organisms were measured and the relationships between Cp and temperature were established. The above obtained thermodynamic basic data are available for the exploiting new synthesis method,engineering design and industry production of imidacloprid pesticide.

关 键 词：吡虫啉 咪唑烷 2 5-双(2-硝基亚胺基咪唑烷)吡啶 燃烧焓 比热 

分 类 号：O551.3[理学—热学与物质分子运动论] TQ038.3[理学—物理]