塑料大棚内长期施肥对菜田土壤磷素组成及其含量影响  

Long-term Fertilization Effect on Fraction and Content of Phosphorus in Vegetable Soil in Plastic Film House

作　　者：杨丽娟[1] 李天来[2] 周崇峻[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110161

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2009年第5期205-208,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30370972)

摘　　要：对塑料大棚内自1988年开始的蔬菜施肥长期定位试验田土壤磷素组分和含量进行了研究。结果表明,除了长期单独施用氮肥引起耕层土壤全P、有效P降低外,其他施肥处理均能提高土壤中全P和有效P含量。长期施用有机肥土壤闭蓄态P（O-P）含量最高,占无机P总量的35%-47%;不施有机肥土壤磷酸钙（Ca-P）含量最高,占无机P总量的29%-39%。施用有机肥可以显著提高土壤有机P总量,有机肥组各处理土壤活性有机P和中等活性有机P含量均显著高于不施有机肥组各对应处理,而稳定性有机P和高稳定性有机P含量则低于不施有机肥组。长期施用磷肥会增加土壤中无机P积累,且有效性较高的Ca-P、磷酸铝（Al-P）积累程度高于较稳定的O-P、磷酸铁（Fe-P）。土壤有效P含量与各组分无机P及其总量、活性有机P、中等活性有机P及有机P总量呈显著正相关,而与稳定性有机P、高稳定性有机P和全P含量的相关性不明显。因此,长期施用有机肥和磷肥能够改变土壤磷素组成,提高磷素有效性。The fractionation and contents of soil P are conducted in a plastic film house after continuous application of organic manure and chemical fertilizers since 1988.Results show that long-term application of manure and chemical P fertilizers resulted in increase of total and plant available P contents except for the treatment of N applied solely.Long-term fertilization of organic manure gave the highest O-P content ranged from 35% to 47% of total inorganic P.whereas,Ca-P contents were the highest in the treatments of commercial fertilizers applied only,which ranged from 29% to 39% of total inorganic P.Long-term fertilization of organic manure can also increase the organic P content.The contents of labile organic P（LOP） and moderately labile organic P（MLOP） in group A were more than those of group B,however,the contents of stable organic P（SOP） and highly stable organic P（HSOP） were lower than those of group B.The accumulation of inorganic P was increased by long-term fertilization of P fertilizers,and the easily available Ca-P and Al-P can accumulate more than difficultly available O-P and Fe-P.There was significant positive relationship between soil available P and the contents of total inorganic P and various forms of inorganic P,LOP,MLOP and total organic P.And there was little relationship between soil available P and SOP,HSOP and total P.These results indicated that long-term application of manure and chemical P fertilizer may lead to transformate among various forms of soil P and increase soil P availability.

关 键 词：设施园艺土壤 长期施肥 有机肥 化肥 土壤磷 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]