河北平原冬小麦需水关键期降水变化特征  

Analysis of Precipitation Change Trend during Key Water Requirement Periods of Winter Wheat in Heibei Plain

作　　者：龚宇[1] 花家嘉 高桂芹[1] 王璞[2] 

机构地区：[1]唐山市气象局,河北唐山063000 [2]中国农业大学农学系,北京100094

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2009年第11期8-11,14,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30571089);唐山市科技发展计划项目(08120205A)

摘　　要：利用1957-2006年河北平原3个生态类型区冬小麦生长期内逐日降水资料，采用统计学和小波变换方法，分析了冬小麦需水关键期和全生育期内降水特征和短期变化趋势。结果发现：3个生态类型区冬小麦各生育期降水变率都很大，自然降水不能满足生长需水，但3个区的缺水状况和今后短时期降水量有一定的差异。拔节一孕穗期平均缺水80．1～84．8mm，抽穗乳熟期平均缺水184．9-203．3mm，全生育期平均缺水362-388mm；近20年内除山前平原区冬小麦全生育期进入降水偏少期外，其余2个生态区均进入降水偏多期。Using the precipitation data during the growth stage of winter wheat in three ecological zones in Hebei Plain from 1957 to 2006, applying the methods of statistics and wavelet transform, the trend of precipitation and its short-term change during the period of water-crucial stage and growth stage are investigated, respectively. The results indicate that the amount of precipitation during the period of growth stage in three ecological zones varies greatly, and the natural precipitation can not meet the need for the growth of winter wheat. Some specific differences also exist in lacking water condition and short-term change. On average, the water-lacking amount is 80.1-84. 8 mm at Jointing-booting stage and 184.9--203.3 mm in heading-milk stage. The total water-lacking amount in whole growth period is 362-388 mm. In lately 20 years, among the three ecological zones, two of them have entered rain-sufficient period, while one ecological zone （namely Shan Qian Plain Zone） is still in rain-insufficient period.

关 键 词：冬小麦 需水关键期 降水变化 河北平原 

分 类 号：S151.23[农业科学—土壤学]