儿童虐待的界定和风险因素  

On the Definition and Risk Factors of Child Abuse

作　　者：王大华[1] 翟晓艳[1] 辛涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2009年第10期78-85,共8页Chinese Journal of Special Education

摘　　要：儿童虐待现象普遍存在于不同文化中,它被世界卫生组织视为当前一个严重的公共卫生问题。儿童虐待的界定可分为两个层面,即理论界定和操作界定。前者指学者对儿童虐待概念的理解;后者指研究者如何评估与测量儿童虐待。目前,理论界定与操作界定仍存在一些不足。儿童虐待的风险因素的鉴别对儿童保护的具体实践工作意义重大,已有研究得到儿童虐待的风险因素包括儿童自身因素、父母因素、二者交互作用因素以及环境因素。儿童虐待的界定是探讨风险因素的基础。Child abuse is a very common phenomenon existing in many cultures. It has been regarded as a severe issue of public health. The definition of child abuse could be comprised by two aspects, namely the theoretical definition and the operational definition. The theoretical definition points to the conceptual meaning of child abuse, whereas, the operational definition points to the way it is assessed. Currently, there is yet a lot of debate about these two aspects of definition and their relationships. Meanwhile, to identify the risk factors of child abuse is very important for the practice of child protection. Quite a lot of risk factors have been found, such as children＇s factors, parental factors, the interactive factors of the two, and environmental factors. And the definition of child abuse is the basis to explore the risk factors.

关 键 词：儿童虐待 儿童忽视 界定 评估 风险因素 

分 类 号：D64[政治法律—政治学] C913.5[政治法律—中外政治制度]