航天器介质内电场形成机理与防护方法分析  

Study on Formation Mechanism of Inner Electric Field in Dielectric of Spacecraft and Protection Methods

作　　者：乌江[1] 白婧婧[1] 沈宾[1] 郑晓泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学电力设备电气绝缘国家重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《导弹与航天运载技术》2009年第5期13-17,共5页Missiles and Space Vehicles

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50577052)资助;国家某专项基金资助

摘　　要：空间环境中各种高能射线与粒子会对航天器有机介质产生致命危害,其中高能电子会在航天器介质中沉积并最终形成较强的静电场。当介质内带电水平较高时会引发多频谱脉冲放电现象,严重影响航天器敏感电子系统的可靠性与寿命,严重时直接导致有机介质材料烧毁。通过分析有关航天器介质内带电机理与防护手段,总结了介质内电场计算模型与计算方法,并评价了两个影响介质内带电水平的重要因素及相关防护措施,认为对介质进行非线性电导率改性可能成为未来对介质材料进行全防护的最有效手段之一。最后分析了空间高能电子的磁鞘屏蔽法的原理与设计原则。The organic dielectric used in a spacecraft can be fatally damaged by the high-energy ray and particles in the space environment, especially the high-energy electrons will deposit in the dielectric and ultimately form an inner electric field. Multi-spectrum pulse discharge will be induced when the internal charging level is relatively high, which seriously harms the reliability and life of the sensitive electronic system in the spacecraft, even directly leads to burn out the organic material. The mechanism of the internal charging and protection methods is analyzed while the calculation method of inner electric field is summarized, and then, two key factors are evaluated which affect the internal charging level and the related protection methods. It is considered that nonlinear-conductivity modification of the dielectric may be one of the most effective methods for comprehensive protection of the spacecraft dielectric in the future. Finally the principles and design principle of magnetic shielding system for space high-energy electrons are studied.

关 键 词：航天器介质 内带电 机理 计算 防护 

分 类 号：V443[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]