我国部分地区2005-2007年艾滋病母婴传播水平变化趋势  

The change trend of mother-to-child transmission rate of HIV-1 during 2005 - 2007 in some areas of China

作　　者：王临虹[1] 方利文[1] 王前[1] 蒋岩[2] 莫云[3] 孙定勇[4] 张伟[5] 张燕[6] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100013 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心,北京100013 [3]广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院 [4]河南省疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病防治研究所 [5]新疆维吾尔自治区疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心( [6]云南省妇幼保健院

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2009年第11期984-987,共4页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

基　　金：基金项目：国家“十五”科技攻关计划项目（2004BA719A03）

摘　　要：目的了解我国部分艾滋病高发地区艾滋病母婴传播水平变化趋势。方法自2005年1月至2009年6月在我国艾滋病相对高发的15个县（区）开展相关调查研究，对2005年1月至2007年12月期间人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染产妇分娩所生婴幼儿进行追踪随访至产后18个月，收集的儿童死亡及确定HIV感染等相关资料。结果调查研究期间，研究地区HIV感染孕产妇所生满18月龄儿童共644名。其中，随访至满18月龄及以上的婴幼儿550名，44名儿童失访，50例死亡。550名满18月龄及以上的婴幼儿中确定HIV感染53例。2005--2007年母婴传播水平分别为13．19％（24／182）、8．90％（17／191）和6．78％（12／177），呈逐年下降趋势（x。=4．23，P〈0．05）。根据判定死于艾滋病儿童的数据对随访满18月龄的HIV感染孕产妇所生儿童的HIV感染水平进行校正，2005--2007年的母婴传播率分别校正为16．74％、12．98％、9．52％，亦逐年降低（x2=4．69，P〈0．05）。结论长期、有效的预防艾滋病母婴传播干预措施可使艾滋病母婴传播水平逐年降低；采用死亡儿童数据对母婴传播率进行校正，才能正确评价预防艾滋病母婴传播措施的效果。Objective To explore the change trend of mother-to-child-transmission （MTCT） of HIV-1 in some areas in China. Methods The investigation was conducted in 15 counties or districts of 4 provinces in China with relatively high HIV prevalence from January 2005 to June 2009. The data on the death and HIV-status of the babies born to HIV-positive mothers from January 2005 -December 2007 in research sites were collected through 18-month following up after they were born. Results During the time that the research was conducted, there were 644 babies born to HIV-positive mothers who were followed up for 18 months. At the end of 18 months,full data were collected from 550 babies,44 babies were lost to follow-up and 50 babies died. Among 550 babies who were followed up for 18 months, 53 babies were confirmed as HIV positive. The rate of MTCT of HIV-1 was 13.19% （ 24/182 ）, 8.90% （ 17/191 ） and 6. 78% （ 12/177 ） in 2005,2006,2007 respectively,which showed a descending trend yearly （ X2 = 4. 23,P 〈 0. 05 ）. Adjusted by the death data of the HIV-exposed children, it was found that during 2005 - 2007 the rate of MTCT of HIV-1 was 16. 74% , 12.98% , 9. 52% respectively, which was also descending year by year （ X2 = 4. 69, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion Long-term, effective prevention of mother-to-child-transmission of HIV （PMTCT） could reduce the level of MTCT of HIV-1 year-by-year. In addition, using death data of HIV- exposed children to adjust the level of MTCT of HIV-1 is valuable to grade the effect of PMTCT.

关 键 词：获得性免疫缺陷综合征 疾病传播 垂直 疾病传播 HIV 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R512.6[医药卫生—临床医学]