广东省首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学分析和国境检疫意义探讨  

Epidemiological analysis of first imported case of influenza A (H1N1) in Guangdong Province and implication of frontier quarantine

作　　者：刘于飞[1] 沈纪川[1] 杨智聪[1] 李海麟[1] 张力[2] 狄飚[1] 吴新伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州市疾病预防控制中心,广东广州510080 [2]茂名市疾病预防控制中心(广东省现场流行病学培训项目)

出　　处：《华南预防医学》2009年第5期47-50,共4页South China Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的调查分析广东省首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例的流行病学特征,探讨发病特点,评估防控措施,为预防和控制甲型H1N1流感提供依据。方法采用面对面病例个案调查和现场调查方法,描述病例发病过程,分析病例的流行病学特征。结果患者,男性,59岁,广州市居民,2009年4月21日至5月12日赴美国、加拿大(均为甲型H1N1流感疫区)旅游,5月13日经韩国抵达香港,5月14日晚患者自觉咽痛、鼻塞、干咳,5月15日乘坐列车从香港抵达广州,在口岸检疫时发现其发热,并送往指定收治医院。患者临床表现较轻,发热持续3 d,其咽拭子甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸检测阳性。该病例被确诊为广东省首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例。95名密切接触者中有85名接受医学观察,期间6人曾出现发热或上呼吸道症状,经实验室检测排除甲型H1N1流感病毒感染。经采取严格防疫措施,该起疫情未出现二代病例。结论该疫情确诊为广东省首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例,患者可能在美国、加拿大等疫区旅游期间受感染。口岸检疫能在新发和输入性传染病疫情的早期发现入境者中的可疑病例。及早对可疑持续发热病例进行实验室检测,早诊断、早隔离、早治疗,加强密切接触者的隔离与管理,是早期控制甲型H1N1流感疫情的有效措施。Objective Through epidemiologieal survey and analysis of the first imported influenza A （H1N1） case in Guangdong Province to find out the epidemiological characteristics and to evaluate and provide reference data for the strategy of prevention and control. Methods Interview and field investigation were conducted to describe the whole process of the ease and to analyze the epidemiologieal characteristics of the case. Results The ease was a male aged 59 years and resident of Guangzhou. He traveled to the United States and Canada from April 21 to May 12, 2009 and reached Hong Kong on May 13 through Korea. His symptoms of sore throat, cough and nose stuff＇ firstly occurred on May 14. The case was firstly found by Guangzhou Entry - Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau when he reached Guangzhou through Hong Kong by train, with throat swab tested positive to H1N1 viral nucleic acid. His clinical symptoms were slight, but constantly fever for 3 days. The ease was diagnosed as the first influenza A （ H1N1 ） ease in Guangdong Province. Six of the 95 contact persons appeared fever or upper respiratory symptoms through the medical observation, but influenza virus infection was excluded by laboratory testing. No other new second case was found after the isolation and antisepsis were taken. Conclusion This is the first imported influenza A （H1N1） case in Guangdong Province by traveling to the United States and Canada. Entry- exit quarantine could find suspicious case of new infectious disease and imported cases firstly and effectively. Enhancing management of contact persons, promoting propaganda,early test, early diagnose, early treatment and early isolation for the suspicious case with fever were effective measures of controlling and preventing influenza A （ H1N1 ） infection.

关 键 词：甲型H1N1流感 输入性病例 流行病学 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]