熔盐裂解液化生物质的研究  

Study on Pyrolytic Liquefaction of Biomass in Molten Salt

作　　者：王敏[1] 艾宁[1] 蔡腾跃[1] 姬登祥[1] 计建炳[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学化学工程与材料学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《林产化学与工业》2009年第5期41-46,共6页Chemistry and Industry of Forest Products

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(20876150);浙江工业大学校科研基金资助(X1018172)

摘　　要：为了考察熔盐组成、原料种类和裂解温度等因素对生物质裂解液化的影响,在自行设计的反应器中进行了实验研究。结果表明:纤维素在ZnCl2中液化,生物油得率最高,为35%;在66%(物质的量分数)KCl-CuCl中液化,生物油中水分含量最低,为21%;硝酸盐不适于生物质液化反应,生物油得率为零。以纤维素为原料的生物油得率高于以水稻秸秆为原料的生物油得率,而且生物油中的水分含量较低,说明含纤维素较多的生物质原料更适于裂解液化。热裂解反应受温度影响较大,生物油得率随温度升高呈先升高后降低的趋势,存在一个较优的温度,对纤维素原料而言在530℃左右,水稻秸秆在450℃左右。采用FT-IR和GC-MS对生物油进行初步分析,生物油成分比较复杂,其中呋喃类物质占有较大比例。Pyrolysis experiments were carried out in a self-designed reactor to study the effects of the composition of molten salt, biomass materials and pyrolysis temperature on pyrolytic liquefaction of biomass. The highest yield （ 35 % ） of bio-oil was obtained when cellulose was liquefied in ZnCl2, while the lowest water content （21% ） in bio-oil was obtained when it was liquefied in 66 % KCl-CuCl（ molecular fraction）. Nitrate was unsuitable for biomass liquefaction. Yield of bio-oil produced from cellulose was much higher than from rice straw while water in bio-oil from cellulose was lower. It was showed that biomass containing more cellulose was more proper for pyrolytic liquefaction. Pyrolysis was greatly affected by temperature, the yield of bio-oil increased at first and then decreased with the increasing of temperature. The best pyrolysis temperatures of cellulose and rice straw were about 530℃ and 450℃ respectively. Bio-oils were analyzed by FT-IR and GC-MS. The component of bio-oil was very complex, while furan substance possessed relatively high proportionality.

关 键 词：生物质 热裂解 熔盐 生物油 

分 类 号：TQ351.0[化学工程] TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]