静电喷雾中的雾滴荷电特性分析  

The Analysis of the Droplets Charging Characteristics in Electrostatic Spraying

作　　者：叶五梅[1] 杨超珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波工程学院,浙江宁波315016

出　　处：《农机化研究》2009年第12期15-18,共4页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家"863"计划项目(2008AA100905);浙江省教育厅项目(20070752)

摘　　要：通过建立静电喷雾3种充电方式的电学模型,分析了雾滴在电场作用下的荷电机理及荷质比与荷电电压间的关系,其结果表明:充电方式决定电荷产生机理和雾滴的荷电效果。在稳定的工作状态下,接触充电电荷为正极性;感应充电和电晕充电显示负极性;同时,荷质比与充电电压成线性关系,随充电电压的升高而增大,充电电压升高引起介质介电状态的改变,会使充电方式和电荷特性产生质的变化;气体的自持放电使感应充电成为电晕充电,荷质比产生跳跃,形成倒Z形的荷质比-电压关系;当电晕进入电弧放电时,电晕充电成为接触充电,电荷极性产生突变。An electrical model of three electrostatic spray charging modes is built in the present paper to analyze the charging mechanism of droplets acted upon by the electrical field and the relation between charge - mass ratio and charging voltage, concluding that the charging mode determines the charging mechanism and the charging effect of droplets and in the stable working condition, the direct charging is positive while the induction charging and the corona charging are negative. It is found that the charge - mass ratio is linear to the charging voltage and increases with the rise in charging voltage. Such rise will lead to the dielectric change, resulting in the quality change in the charging mode and the charging property. The self - maintained emission of the gas turns the induction charging into the corona charging and the jump occurs in the charge - mass ratio, resulting in the inverted Z - type ratio - voltage relation. When the corona enters the arc and emits, the corona is turned into direct charging and the charging property undergoes sudden change.

关 键 词：静电喷雾 接触充电 感应充电 电晕充电 

分 类 号：S491[农业科学—植物保护] S126