长期摄入乙醇对大鼠心血管系统与肝脏的影响  

Influence of Chronic Ethanol Intake on the Cardiovascular System and Liver in Rats

作　　者：霍记平[1] 汤强[1] 胡本容[1] 张秋芳[1] 刘羽燕[1] 冯梅[1] 向继洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院基础医学院药理学系,武汉430030

出　　处：《医药导报》2009年第11期1420-1423,共4页Herald of Medicine

基　　金：华中科技大学科学研究基金资助项目

摘　　要：目的研究长期少量摄入乙醇对心血管系统及肝脏的影响。方法将健康成年雄性SD大鼠50只随机分为空白对照组,蔗糖对照组,乙醇低、中、高剂量组(分别给予50%乙醇2.5,5.0,10.0mL·kg-1·d-1)各10只。灌胃12周后,检测大鼠血糖血脂水平,计算心质量指数、左室质量指数、动脉单位长度质量,观察心脏、肝脏、胸主动脉苏木精-伊红(HE)染色切片。结果蔗糖对照组及乙醇各剂量组胆固醇水平较空白对照组高(P<0.05或P<0.01),乙醇中、高剂量组三酰甘油水平较空白对照组和蔗糖对照组均升高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。蔗糖对照组与乙醇各剂量组血管内皮均不光滑,肝脏轻微脂肪变性。乙醇中剂量组肝索排列紊乱。乙醇高剂量组门管区结缔组织增生,肝实质区可见点状坏死。乙醇各剂量组心肌纤维排列紊乱。结论长期少量摄入乙醇会引起血浆胆固醇、三酰甘油升高,带来不同程度的肝脏、心脏及血管损伤。Objective To study that whether moderate ethanol intake could or not protect the cardiovascular system and do harm to the liver. Methods Fifty male healthy adult SD rats were randomly assigned into five groups： control group（sodium chloride, 1 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 ）, sucrose group （5% sucrose, 1 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 ） and three ethanol groups （50% ethanol, 2.5 mL· kg^-1 · d^-1 ; 50% ethanol, 5 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1; 50% ethanol, 10 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 ）. All the rats were treated with intragastric administration for 12 weeks. By the end of the 12th week, the heart weight index and left ventricle weight index were calculated; the tissues from the heart, liver and thoracic aorta were stained with HE. Results The plasma cholesterol level in sucrose group and ethanol groups were higher than that of control group （ P 〈 0. 05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）. The triglyceride level in 50% ethanol 5 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 and 10 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 were higher than that of control group and sucrose one （ P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0. 01 ）. Blood pressure in 50% ethanol 5 mL· kg^-1 · d^-1 and 10 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 were higher than that of control group （ P 〈 0.05 ）. With HE staining, the blood vessel endothelium were not smooth in sucrose and three ethanol groups, and slight fatty degeneration in the liver was found in these groups. Hepatic cord arranged in disorder in 50% ethanol 5 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 group. Connective tissue hyperplasia in the liver portal area and spotty necrosis were observed in 50% ethanol 10 mL · kg^-1 · d^-1 group. Myocardial fiber disarranged in the three ethanol groups. Conclusion Chronic mild ethanol ingestion can cause the increase of plasma cholesterol and triglyceride and lead to different degrees of damage in liver, heart and blood vessel, which may do harm to the health.

关 键 词：乙醇 血糖 血脂 动脉粥样硬化 

分 类 号：R965[医药卫生—药理学]