山西省不同农业生态类型区能值比较研究  

Emergy comparison for different agro-ecological regions in Shanxi Province

作　　者：王闰平[1,2] 荣湘民[1] 侯希红[2] 高志强[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128 [2]山西农业大学经济贸易学院,太谷030801 [3]山西农业大学农学院,太谷030801

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2009年第6期1252-1258,共7页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD05B10)资助

摘　　要：应用能值分析方法,对山西省不同农业生态类型区的发展状况、生产效率和环境负荷进行比较分析与评价。结果表明:优等类型区能值投入总量较大,集约化程度较高(能值功率密度1.67E+12sej·m-2),但人力能值投入过多(占能值投入总量的70.62%),工业辅助能值投入相对偏低,制约了人力能值的发挥,因而净能值产出率低(0.70),环境压力较大(9.33)。提高该类型区生产效率的途径在于转移农业剩余劳动力,同时增加工业辅助能、特别是高科技含量的工业辅助能的投入。中等类型区工业辅助能值(占能值投入总量的23.36%)与人力能值(占能值投入总量的51.67%)配合较好,能值产出总量大,净能值产出率高(1.25),农业生产效率较高,但仍需加强科技能值的投入,以进一步提高系统效率。差等类型区环境条件恶劣,农业生产经营方式粗放,能值产出总量和生产效率都很低。如果该类型区能合理布局种植业、牧业、林业、渔业等生产功能区,注意规模化和集约化生产,则农业生产效率可能会有新的提高。Based on emergy methods, we compared and evaluated development situation, production efficiency and environmental loading of different agro-ecological regions in Shanxi Province. The results show that in the superior agro-ecological region, total emergy input and intensive degree （empower density = 1.67E＋12 sej·m-2） are high. However, human labor emergy is very high （labor emergy ratio = 70.62%） and nonrenewable industry supplemental emergy input is low, restricting labor emergy action in the region. Thus emergy yield ratio （EYR） is low （0.70） and environmental loading ratio （ELR） is high （9.33）. One way to improve productive efficiency in the superior agro-ecological region is transferring superfluous labor from agriculture to other industries while increasing industry supplemental emergy input （especially high-tech industry supplemental emergy input）. In the middlle agro-ecological region, the combination of labor emergy （labor emergy ratio = 51.67%） and industry supplemental emergy （industry supplemental emergy ratio = 23.36%） is better. Total emergy yield is high and so is EYR （1.25）, showing a high agricultural production efficiency. However, it is still necessary to reinforce high-tech industry supplemental emergy input in order to further improve agro-ecosystem efficiency. In the inferior agro-ecological region, both total emergy yield and production efficiency are low since the environment is poor and productive methods are highly rough. If agricultural productive areas are rearrange in the region, including planting areas, forestry areas, livestock breeding areas, and fishing areas （with emphasis on dimension and concentrated production）, agricultural production efficiency in the region may improve anew.

关 键 词：山西省 农业生态类型区 能值分析 生产效率 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]