公交车停靠诱发交通瓶颈的元胞自动机模拟  

Investigation on traffic bottleneck induce by bus stopping with a two-lane cellular automaton model

作　　者：李庆定[1] 董力耘[1] 戴世强[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学上海市应用数学和力学研究所,上海200072

出　　处：《物理学报》2009年第11期7584-7590,共7页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(批准号:2006CB705500);国家自然科学基金(批准号:10532060;10672098)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：利用双车道元胞自动机模型,研究公交车停靠对道路混合交通流的影响.针对港湾式和非港湾式两种不同公交车站设置,在开放边界下模拟了公交车停靠所产生的交通瓶颈问题,给出了车辆入流概率-公交车比例相平面上的相图,区分了自由流相和拥挤相,研究了相图各区中公交车站附近的平均密度和速度分布图,比较了两种公交车站情况下的道路交通流的动力学特征.研究发现,当公交车比例较小时,与非港湾式车站相比,港湾式车站可以显著改善车站处的交通状况.In this paper, the influence of typical bus stops on traffic flow is investigated with the cellular automaton traffic model. For on-line and off-line bus stops, a two-lane cellular automaton model is proposed to simulate the traffic bottleneck induced by bus stopping under the open boundary condition. The phase diagram in the phase plane of injection probability and bus fraction is provided and two phases, i.e., the free flow phase and congested flow phase, are distinguished. The distributions of the mean density and velocity near the bus stop in different traffic phases are given and the comparison of dynamical characteristics of traffic flows is made for different types of bus stops. It is found that using the off-line bus stop can significantly improve the traffic flow in its neighboring region, compared with the on-line bus stop in the case of small fraction of buses.

关 键 词：元胞自动机 混合交通流 交通瓶颈 公交车站 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]