脉冲激光等离子体冲击波碎石机理分析  

ANALYSIS OF THE STONE DESTRUCTION MECHANISM IN PULSED LASER LITHOTRIPSY

作　　者：赵卫[1] 孙永道[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所瞬态光学技术国家重点实验室

出　　处：《光子学报》1998年第11期1001-1004,共4页Acta Photonica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金;中科院应用开发基金

摘　　要：利用自行研制的Ｎｄ∶ＹＡＧ激光器产生的纳秒和微秒激光脉冲，分别在水中和空气中对几种人体结石进行了粉碎实验，激光被耦合到芯径为４００μｍ的石英光纤中，耦合效率达７０％．实验研究和分析计算表明脉冲激光等离子体冲击的产生是激光碎石的主要动力，而热分解作用只是促进了等离子体的形成并不是粉碎结石的主要原因，体液冲流和周围介质对等离子体的约束加速了碎石过程，脉冲激光碎石的过程是这几个方面共同作用的结果．Laser pulses with ns and μs from solid state Nd∶YAG have been coupled into thin optical fibers.The coupling efficiency can be up 70% for 400 micron.With these two kinds of pulse laser lithotripsy has been performed on various human calculi in air and water separately.The experimental and theoretical study shows that the shock wave induced by pulsed lasers on stones in the human body play the doinant role in laser lithotripsy.Heating,the ‘water jet’ phenomena and characteristic of confinement of the surrounding medium are shown to play an important,although secondary role in stone fragmentation.

关 键 词：激光碎石 等离子体冲击波 体液冲流 约束 

分 类 号：R454.2[医药卫生—治疗学] R657.42[医药卫生—临床医学]