陕南地区3种袭人胡蜂的生物学特性研究  

The Biological Characteristics of Three Kinds of Sting Wasps in Southern Shaanxi

作　　者：李艳杰[1] 李幸辉[2] 邹远奋 李孟楼[4] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁林业职业技术学院,辽宁沈阳110101 [2]新疆生产建设兵团林业工作管理总站,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]安康市森防站,陕西安康725000 [4]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2009年第6期102-105,共4页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目"袭人胡蜂危害控制技术研究"(2004BA509B1901)

摘　　要：为明确陕南地区墨胸胡蜂、基胡蜂和金环胡蜂3种胡蜂的生物学特性,对其取食、取水习性、日活动规律、种群结构进行了研究。结果表明:3种胡蜂主要筑巢于乔木、灌木、杂草丛、石壁及居民房檐下等地方;日活动情况均呈"双峰"状,分别在8:00和18:00达到高峰,14:00左右取水频率最高;均有采蜜行为,8月份,墨胸胡蜂和金环胡蜂日捕食蜜蜂的高峰时间为11:00-14:00;墨胸胡蜂和基胡蜂的种群较大,金环胡蜂的种群小;8月份,3种胡蜂巢中各虫态数量所占比例相似,即蛹>幼虫>卵>职蜂。The feeding behavior, water taking behavior, daily activity rhythm and population structure were studied to clarify the biological characteristics of three kinds of sting wasps, Vespa velutina nigrithorax, V. basalis and V. mandarinia mandarinia, occurring in southern Shaanxi. The results showed that their nesting places were mainly located in trees, bushes, tussocks, stonewalls and under eaves of domestic houses and the daily activity rhythms were all bimodal, with active peaks at 8：00 and 18：00. Their water tak- ing peak time in a day was at about 14：00. All three kinds of wasps foraged honey and severely preyed on honey bees in August, with the peak time of V. velutina nigrithorax and V. mandarinia mandarinia at 11：00-14：00. The population of V. velutina nigrithorax and V. basalis were larger than that of V. mandarinia rnandarinia, however, the insect state proportions of the three sting wasps were similar in August, namely, pupa 〉larva 〉egg 〉worker.

关 键 词：墨胸胡蜂 基胡蜂 金环胡蜂 生物学特性 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学]