2007-2008年辽宁省营口市突发急性传染病早期预警现况分析  

Analysis on the early warning of acute infectious disease in Yingkou,Liaoning,2007-2008

作　　者：吴恩涛[1] 王琳[1] 李桂香[1] 杨园园[1] 王颖[1] 刘亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省营口市疾病预防控制中心,辽宁营口115004

出　　处：《疾病监测》2009年第10期799-802,共4页Disease Surveillance

摘　　要：目的分析2007-2008年辽宁省营口市传染病疫情监测体系用于突发急性传染病早期预警的能力。方法分析《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》报告营口市常见急性传染病病例的发病日期、诊断时间、报告卡生成时间、报告单位等疫情监测信息,统计就诊率、信息获得率、乡镇(社区)级医疗单位疫情报告率、高发人群特征分析等。结果2007年营口市常见5种急性传染病患者发病后第1天就诊率为3.85%～24.57%,及时就诊率低;当天获得信息比率为3.85%～19.47%,信息获得率低;基层医疗单位疫情报告率低,营口市乡镇(社区)级医院疫情报告仅占0.74%(13/1768);学校和幼儿园是急性传染病高发人群聚集地。结论目前传染病疫情监测体系不足以获得突发急性传染病早期预警信息。开展对幼儿园、学校因病缺课症状监测及加强乡镇(社区)级医院疫情报告可能弥补营口市目前传染病监测信息来源迟缓、未就诊漏报及基层医院就诊漏报问题,提高营口市突发急性传染病疫情早期预警能力。Objective To evaluate the performance of the infectious epidemic surveillance system for early warning ot emergent acute infectious diseases in Yingkou, Liaoning from 2007 to 2008. Methods Onset date, diagnosis time, time of creation of report card and reporting unit associated with common acute infectious diseases in Yingkou were collected based on the data derived from disease surveillance information report management system, the medical consultation rate, information acquisition rate, epidemic report rate in medical institutions at village and town （community） level and high-risk groups statistically analyzed.. Results The first-day medical consultation rate ranged from 3.85% to 24.57% for five commonly seen acute infectious diseases in Yingkou in 2007, suggesting a low timely- visiting rate. The same-day information acquisition rate was also low, ranging from 3.85% to 19, 47%. Low epidemic report rate was also noticed in basic medical institutions, for reports coming from county-level units accounted for merely 0.74% （13/1768）. Schools and kindergartens constituted the prevalent area where high-risk people concentrated. Conclusion The current surveillance system was incompetent at providing early warning information on emergent acute infectious diseases on a timely manner. Therefore, it is necessary to deploy symptom-based surveillance in kindergartens and schools, particularly focusing on absent students, and improve the performance of epidemic reporting in county-level medical institutions in order to compensate for delayed information and omitted report of epidemic outbreak and visits, and enhance the efficacy of early warning of acute infectious disease in Yingkou.

关 键 词：突发急性传染病 早期预警 症状监测 就诊率 信息获得率 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学]