1999-2007年我国城乡居民卫生保健筹资的趋势比较分析与启示  

Comparative analysis and revelation on the trend of healthcare financing between urban and rural residents from 1999 to 2007 in China

作　　者：张宜民[1] 冯学山[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032

出　　处：《中国卫生资源》2009年第6期259-262,共4页Chinese Health Resources

摘　　要：采用1999-2007年数据对我国城乡居民卫生费用筹资水平、结构及个人医疗保健支出的变化趋势进行比较分析。结果:城乡卫生费用筹资总额所占百分比与人口比例逐年呈现"倒置"现象,农村居民人均卫生费用维持在城镇居民的1/3左右;城镇居民人均医疗保健支出保持为农村居民的3-4倍,二者占人均卫生费用的比重均呈上涨趋势;城乡居民人均医疗保健支出占人均可支配(纯)收入的比重稳步增长(2007年趋于一致:5.07%),但健康消费总体绝对值水平仍很低,尤其是农村居民;2003年以来农村居民医疗保健支出收入弹性大于城镇居民,城乡相对差距正逐步缩小。基于以上研究提出:重点增加农村居民收入,提高社会边际医疗保健支出倾向;明确政府在医疗卫生领域的经济和监管责任,控制医疗费用快速上涨;改善医疗卫生服务条件,扩大医疗保障覆盖面,带动城乡居民医疗保健合理消费;重视文化因素的作用,提高全民健康投资意识和自我保健能力。Comparatively analyzed the trend of health financing level, structure and personal medical payment between urban and rural residents in China from 1999 to 2007. The results indicated that the percentage of health expenditure was converse between uran and rural. Per-capital health expenditure of urban residents was three times more than that of rural residents. There were large gaps on per-capita medical payment, which took up high proportion of health expenditure. Health-care payment had increased steadily by income rise, while the overall level of health consumption still was low. Income elasticity of health-care payment of rural residents was bigger than that of urban residents since 2003 so that relative gap was gradually dwindling. It had concluded that to boost the income level of rural residents, clarify financial and supervisory responsibility of governments in health domain, improve health service qualification and spread the coverage of medical insurance in order to drive rational health-care consumption, and pay more attention to culture elements to enhance health investment consciousness.

关 键 词：城乡居民 卫生筹资 医疗保健 收入 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]