黄河三角洲退化湿地微生物特性的研究  

Microbial Community Characteristics in a Degraded Wetland of the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：王震宇[1] 辛远征[1] 李锋民[1] 高冬梅[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学教育部环境生态与环境实验室环境科学与工程学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2009年第5期1005-1012,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金："十一五"支撑计划项目(2006BAC01A13);国家海洋局公益性项目湿地专项;教育部新世纪人才计划项目资助

摘　　要：本研究通过DAPI染色法、FDA染色法和稀释平板法对黄河三角洲退化湿地微生物特性进行研究,在分析土壤盐度和植物根际效应对微生物特性影响的基础上,探讨了微生物群落的垂直分布特征,并对可培养耐盐微生物进行了初步分离。结果表明,土壤盐度与微生物数量、活性及多样性呈显著负相关性(P<0.01)。耐盐细菌在耐盐微生物中占绝对优势,放线菌次之,真菌最少;微生物群落具有明显的垂直分布特征,数量、活性和多样性均随土层深度的增加而下降。五种植物(碱蓬、柽柳、芦苇、白茅、茵陈蒿)根际微生物群落的数量、活性及多样性明显高于非根际微生物群落;与柽柳、芦苇、白茅、茵陈蒿相比,碱蓬的根际效应最强。这些结果可为进一步开发利用滨海湿地微生物资源,形成修复退化湿地盐碱化土壤的植物-微生物耦合系统提供必要的理论依据。DAPI staining, FDA activity and dilute plate method were applied to study the microbial characteristics of the degraded wetland in YRD. The relationships of the microbial community with soil salinity and depth, and rhizosphere microbial activity were evaluated. Halophilic microbes were separated. There was a significant negative linear relationship between the salinity and the total number of microorganisms, overall microbial activity, dr diversity of culturally viable microbes（P 〈 0.05）. Halophilic bacteria were more than actinomycetes and fungi. The decreasing trends in the size, activity and diversity were also observed with increasing soil depth. Five kinds of plants（Chinese Tamarisk, Reed, Lalang Grass and Capillary Wormwood Herb, Common Seepweed） had obvious positive effects on the microbial communities. Compared to Chinese Tamarisk, Reed, Lalang Grass and Capillary Wormwood Herb, Common Seepweed had the stongest rhizosphere effect. This research gave theory support on the exploration of the wetland soil microbial resource and the foundation of plant-microorganism bioremediation system.

关 键 词：湿地 根际 土壤微生物 盐度 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]