铀的液液萃取机理  

LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION MECHANISM OF URANIUM

作　　者：王文清[1] 刘枫[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学技术物理系,100871

出　　处：《铀矿冶》1998年第3期166-174,共9页Uranium Mining and Metallurgy

摘　　要：本文对铀（Ⅵ）的液液萃取机理的发展进行综述，包括铀二元及三元协萃体系的分类；协萃原理；在三元协萃系统中正交设计法的应用；铀萃取中空间堆积模型的应用；用滴定量热法进行协萃热力学的研究以及用反相胶束的形成和油／水微乳液来解释萃取机理。This paper reviews the developments on the liquid-liquid extraction mechanism of uranium (Ⅵ ),including the classification of the binary and ternary synergic system of uranium. theprinciple of synergism,application of orthogonal array in ternary synergic extraction system,application of cone packing model in uranium extraction. Thermodynamics studies of synergistic extraction by titration calorimetry,and formation of reversed micelles and water in oilmicroemulsions were used to explain the mechanics of extraction.The mechanism of synergic extraction derived from a variety of principles is describedwith special emphasis on uranium(Ⅵ )which has been investigated. According to our opinion,the synergic effect of chelate,ion association and neutral extractants in ternary system arisesfrom satisfying the elecericity neutrality principle, loss of hydrophilic principle, minimumcharge density principle, coordination saturation principle, packing saturation principle andcoordinate substitution principle. Among these principles the minimum charge density principle may play a dominant role in AAC and ABC systems,the coordination saturation principlein AAB type and coordinate substitution principle in ABB type reaction mechanism.'Coordination saturation'is widely used in extraction mechanism, It was suggested inthe developed ligand packing model that on certain stage of packing,more ligands could beprevented to approach the coordination sphere, because the weak energy decreased due tocrystal field stabilization was unable to compensate the energy increase due to ligand repulsion. An equilibrium existed between bonding and steric repulsion and it could be described asa stable range of packing. The cone packing model applied in synergic extraction of uranium(Ⅵ )was introduced.In this review,a successful application of orthogonal array in ternary synergic extractionsystem are described. It was proposed to find out the optimized condition of ternary synergism from the solvent extraction data,in which L, (3')orthogonal table

关 键 词：铀矿 液液萃取机理 选冶联合选矿 铀矿冶 

分 类 号：TD958[矿业工程—选矿] TD925.7