中国进入WTO以来与欧盟棉花贸易的虚拟水资源总量研究  

Virtual Water Resource in Cotton Trade Between China and Europe Union Since China's Entry into WTO

作　　者：赵晋陵[1,2] 刘闯[1,3] 石瑞香[1] 王正兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所全球变化信息研究中心,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039 [3]北京师范大学资源学院世界资源研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2009年第6期115-118,共4页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家科技部国际合作重点项目"中德全球环境变化联合研究"(编号:2005DFA20010)资助

摘　　要：中国在与欧盟国家的商品贸易中,直接进口的是初级农产品,但间接进口的却是隐藏在这些农产品中的虚拟水。研究这些潜在的水资源,对缓解我国水资源压力,保障粮食安全具有重要的现实意义。本文采用联合国粮农组织FAO的CROPWAT Model计算模型,借助CropWat for Windows计算软件,从资源当量转换的角度出发,计算中国自进入WTO以来与欧盟国家的棉花贸易中水资源转换以及虚拟水贸易情况。计算结果表明,2003-2005年中国在与欧盟的棉花贸易中,间接进口了151.28×106m3的水资源,相当于节约了国内同等数量的水资源。本文可以为解决中国日益短缺的水资源问题提供有益参考。In the course of mutual trade between China and European Union, China imports preliminary agricultural products directly, but obtains virtual water hidden in these products indirecdy. Researches on this potential water will play an important role in relieving pressure on water as well as ensuring food security. Therefore, importing these products is equivalent to importing indirectly water resources and saving intemal water resources. In this article, CROPWAT Model recommended by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and CROPWAT for Windows software were adopted, and climate parameters required were obtained from CLIMWAT database. On the basis of resource equivalent conversion, water resource conversion and virtual water trade since China＇s entry into the World Trade Organization（WTO） were calculated. The results show that China has imported indirectly 151.28 × 10^6 m^3 water resources during the cotton trade with European Union from the period 2003 to 2005, which is equal to saving the same amout of water resources in China. This method could provide useful reference for relieving pressure on water resource in China.

关 键 词：棉花贸易 虚拟水资源 欧盟 虚拟水贸易 WTO 

分 类 号：TV213[水利工程—水文学及水资源]