中、老年骨质疏松症或骨量减少患者跌倒后致伤情况及相关护理工作量的调查  

Survey on tumble-induced injuries and clinical nursing service among middle and elderly patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia

作　　者：赵坚[1] 彭丽文[1] 邓育红[1] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学医学院附属二院深圳市人民医院脊柱外科,518020

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2009年第29期2984-2987,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的调查中、老年骨质疏松症（OP）或骨量减少患者跌倒后致伤情况，统计临床各类护理工作量，寻找规律性。方法选择因跌倒就诊患者194例，按有无OP或骨量减少分为观察组118例和对照组76例，比较两组患者的致伤情况和临床各类护理工作量。结果跌倒致伤类型比较中，观察组骨折例数明显高于对照组，软组织损伤例数则明显少于对照组（P均〈0．05）。观察组手术治疗例数及ADL评分与对照组比较，有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。观察组的卧床总时问、制动总时间、每天基础护理时间、陪护总陪床时间、平均住院花费和平均住院天数等均明显高于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论中、老年OP或骨量减少患者跌倒后致伤情况严重，临床各类护理需求明显增加，对这类患者进行健康教育和跌倒护理预防很有必要。Objective To survey the tumble-induced injuries of middle and old patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia, and to add up the clinical nursing service so as to find out the nursing regularity. Methods A total of 194 patients who suffered from tumble underwent an examination of bone strength, while they were divided into observational group （ n = 118 ） and control group （ n = 76 ） based on history of osteoporosis or osteopenia. Thereafter, injured level and clinical nursing service were compared in the two groups. Results Fracture cases in the observational group were significantly more than control group, but cases with soft tissue injury in the observational group were significantly less than control group （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Cases who underwent hospitalization and treatment and surgical therapy in the observational group were significantly more than control group, while the average ADL scores in the control group were higher than those in observational group （P 〈 0. 05）. Clinical nursing indexes, such as cumulative time of lying in bed, cumulative time of braking, ICU residence time, cumulative time of first-class nursing, time of common nursing, time of rehabilitation nursing, time of mental nursing, time of nutrition nursing, time of health education, accumulative time of accompanying nursing, average payment of hospitalization, and average time of hospitalization in the observational group were significantly longer or higher than those in control group （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusions Tumble-induced injuries are severe among middle and old patients with osteoporosis or osteopenia; therefore, more and more patients need variously clinical nursing services, as well as health education and tumble prevention.

关 键 词：骨质疏松症/骨量减少 中、老年/跌倒 致伤 护理需求 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]