新疆南部夏季高温的公路交通响应  

Response of Highway Traffic to Summer Extremely High Air Temperature in South Xinjiang

作　　者：刘惠云 吴彦 路光辉 王胜利[2] 色旦 

机构地区：[1]新疆气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]新疆气候中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2009年第6期909-916,共8页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：中国气象局气象新技术推广项目(CMATG2008M28)

摘　　要：通过对2008年夏季（6～8月）若羌模拟公路路面温度的实验数据及同期若羌气象观测资料的分析，得出：若羌模拟公路路面最高温度对交通运行有影响的概率高达73％，有很大影响和有严重影响的概率分别为40％，23％；在晴天12：00～18：OHD时，对交通运行有影响的概率达68％；日最高气温在37℃以上和35—37℃时，若羌模拟公路路面最高温度对交通运行有影响的概率分别达100%，87％。同时，利用塔克拉玛干沙漠周边公路沿线9个气象观测站（库尔勒、若羌、且末、民丰、和田、叶城、喀什、阿克苏、库车）近48年（1961—2008年）5～9月气温和地面温度资料，对其气候概况和气候变化特征进行分析，得出近48年夏季最高地面温度总体为上升趋势，尤其是20世纪80年代以后上升幅度较大.By analyzing the experimental data of simulated road-surface temperature at Ruoqiang Meteorological Station in summer （from June to August） 2008 and the conventional meteorological data, this paper concludes that the possibility of simulated maximum road-surface temperature impacting traffic is as high as 73% , and the possibilities of obvious and severe impact are 40% and 23% respectively; during the period from 12：00 to 18：00 Beijing time at sunny days, the possibility of road-surface temperature impacting traffic for 5 continuous hours is 68% ; when the daily maximum air temperature is higher than 37 ℃ and between 35℃ and 37 ℃ , the possibilities of simulated road-surface temperature impacting traffic would be as high as 100% and 87% respectively. The paper also analyzes the general climatic conditions and climate change in south Xinjiang by using the air temperature and surface temperature data observed by 9 meteorological stations （Koala, Ruoqiang, Qiemo, Minfeng, Hotan, Yecheng, Aksu and Kuqa） along the highways in the peripheral regions of the Taklimakan Desert during the period from May to September in recent 48 years （from 1961 to 2008）. It is concluded that the highest surface temperature in summer has been in an increase trend since recent 48 years, especially since the 1980g. The change range of the difference between road-surface temperature and air temperature under different weather conditions is summed up, and the study results can be referred in the traffic forecasting service for south Xinjiang in the future.

关 键 词：夏季 温度 交通安全 路面温度 若羌 新疆 

分 类 号：P468.021[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] U492.8[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]