植物组合及水体营养梯度对三种功能性植物生物量累积与分配的影响  

Effects of plant species combination and water body nutrient level on the biomass accumulation and allocation of three kinds functional plants

作　　者：孙利芳[1] 孙一香[1] 周长芳[1] 安树青[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学生命科学学院湿地生态研究所,南京210093

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第10期2370-2376,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2008CB418004;2008CB418201)资助

摘　　要：设置4个营养水平(I:0.5mgN.L-1,0.1mgP.L-1;II:1.5mgN.L-1,0.3mgP.L-1;III:4.5mgN.L-1,0.9mgP.L-1;Ⅳ:13.5mgN.L-1,2.7mgP.L-1),研究了水体营养水平、物种组合及其交互作用对入侵漂浮植物凤眼莲、本地扎根浮叶植物黄花水龙和沉水植物苦草生物量累积与分配的影响.结果表明:随营养水平的升高,4个营养水平的凤眼莲和黄花水龙单种和混种的总生物量及茎叶生物量都呈上升趋势,凤眼莲和黄花水龙的总生物量在Ⅲ、Ⅳ处理下平均比Ⅰ、Ⅱ处理下分别增加了54.47%和102.63%;不同植物组合下,苦草各部分生物量呈下降趋势,Ⅲ、Ⅳ处理的总生物量比Ⅰ、Ⅱ处理平均降低了45.88%;经双因素分析,水体营养水平对凤眼莲和黄花水龙生物量有极显著的正影响(P<0.01),对苦草生物量有极显著的负影响(P<0.01);而植物组合的影响随目标植物的不同呈现出差异.Four nutrient levels, i.e., 0.5 mgN·L^-1 and 0.1 mg P·L^-1（I）, 1.3 mgN·L and 0.3 mgP·L^-1（Ⅱ）, 4.5 mgN·L^-1 and0.9 mg P·L^-1（Ⅲ）, and 13.5 mg N·L^-1 and 2.7 mg P·L^-1 （Ⅳ） , were installed to study the effects of water body＇ s nutrient level, plant species combination, and their interactions on the biomass accumulation and allocation of invasive floating species Eichhornia crassipes, native rooted leaf-floating species Jussiaea stipulacea, and submerged plant Vallisneria spiralis. The total, root, stem, and leaf bionmss of E. crassipes and J. stipulacea, either in monocuhure or in mixed-culture, increased with increasing water body＇ s nutrient level, their total biomass in treatments Ⅲ and IV being averagely 54.47% and 102.63% higher than that in treatments Ⅰ and Ⅱ, respectively. Under different plant species combination, the total, root, stem, and leaf biomass of V. spiralis showed a declining trend with the increase of nutrient level, and the total biomass of V. spiralis in treatments Ⅲ and Ⅳ was averagely 45. 88% lower than that in treatments I and Ⅱ. The results of two-way ANOVA showed that water body＇ s nutrient level had significant positive effects on the biomass of E. crassipes and J. stipulacea but negative effects on that of Ⅴ. spiralis, and the effects of plant species combination varied with target plant species.

关 键 词：富营养化 营养水平 植物组合 生物量 

分 类 号：Q948.12[生物学—植物学]