花后盐与渍水逆境对小麦籽粒产量及蛋白质和淀粉积累的影响  

Effects of salt and waterlogging stress at post-anthesis stage on wheat grain yield and quality

作　　者：郑春芳[1,2,3] 姜东[1] 戴廷波[1] 荆奇[1] 曹卫星[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室/江苏省信息农业高技术研究重点实验室,南京210095 [2]浙江省海洋水产养殖研究所,浙江温州325000 [3]浙江省近岸水域生物资源开发与保护重点实验室,浙江温州325005

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第10期2391-2398,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671216;30700483);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2008329);教育部新世纪优秀人才计划项目(06-0493)资助

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验,研究了花后渍水、盐胁迫和盐渍处理对2个小麦品种(扬麦12和淮麦17)籽粒产量及蛋白质和淀粉积累与组分的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,花后渍水、盐胁迫和盐渍处理显著降低了小麦花前贮藏氮素(花前贮藏干物质)转运量和花后同化氮素(花后同化物)输入籽粒量,从而导致小麦籽粒产量、蛋白质和淀粉产量显著降低,其中盐胁迫和盐渍处理表现更为明显.与对照和渍水处理相比,盐胁迫和盐渍处理显著降低了小麦籽粒蛋白质积累量及谷/醇蛋白比,显著提高了蛋白质组分含量;同时降低了小麦籽粒淀粉积累量、淀粉组分含量及直/支链淀粉比;盐胁迫处理对扬麦12的影响较盐渍处理明显,而盐渍处理对淮麦17的影响较盐胁迫处理明显.渍水条件下小麦籽粒蛋白质和淀粉积累量均下降,除淮麦17谷蛋白和清蛋白含量有所提高外,淮麦17其他蛋白组分含量和扬麦12各蛋白组分含量均下降.A pot experiment was conducted to study and their combination （SW） at post-anthesis on the the effects of salt （ST）, waterlogging （WL）, grain yield and its starch and protein compo- nents of wheat cultivars Yangmai 12 and Huaimai 17. Comparing with the control, treatments ST, WL, and SW, especially ST and SW, decreased the allocation of nitrogen and carbon assimilates at pre- and post-anthesis to the grains significantly, resulting in an obvious decrease of grain yield and its protein and starch contents. Both ST and SW had significant negative effects on the glutenin / gliadin and amylase/amylopectin ratios in the grains, compared to CK and WL. Yangmai 12 was more sensitive to ST than SW, while Huaimai 17 was in adverse. WL decreased the accumulation of protein and starch in the grains of the two cultivars. Except that the glutenin and albumin in Huaimai 17 had some increase, the globulin and gliadin in Huaimai 17 and all protein components in Yangmai 12 were decreased under WL.

关 键 词：冬小麦 盐渍 产量 组分 氮素再分配 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]