红火蚁入侵和未入侵生境中蚂蚁的觅食强度  

Foraging intensity of ants in Solenopsis invicta Buren (Hymenoptera:Formiciddae) invaded and un-invaded habitats

作　　者：吴碧球[1,2] 陆永跃[1] 曾玲[1] 宋侦东[1] 梁广文[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学红火蚁研究中心,广州510642 [2]广西农业科学院植物保护研究所,南宁530007

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第10期2513-2518,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2009CB119206);国家自然科学基金项目(305712427);广东省科技计划项目(2007B020710014)资助

摘　　要：采用诱饵诱集法,对华南地区3种典型的红火蚁入侵和未入侵生境中蚂蚁对4种诱饵(蜂蜜、花生油、火腿肠和黄粉虫幼虫)的搜寻时间、召集时间及召集数量进行研究,并分析了红火蚁入侵对蚂蚁觅食强度的影响.结果表明:草坪红火蚁入侵区,蚂蚁对黄粉虫幼虫和花生油的搜寻时间极显著或显著短于对照区(红火蚁非入侵区);荒草地红火蚁入侵区,蚂蚁对4种诱饵的搜寻时间与对照区的差异均不显著,在花生油上的召集时间显著长于对照区;荔枝园红火蚁入侵区,蚂蚁对4种诱饵的搜寻时间及召集时间与对照区均无显著差异.诱饵设置30min时,草坪红火蚁入侵区,花生油、黄粉虫幼虫、火腿肠上的红火蚁工蚁数量均显著多于本地蚂蚁工蚁数量;荒草地红火蚁入侵区,花生油上的红火蚁工蚁数量明显多于本地蚂蚁工蚁数量,其余诱饵上红火蚁工蚁数量与本地蚂蚁工蚁数量的差异不显著;荔枝园红火蚁入侵区,4种诱饵上红火蚁工蚁数量与本地蚂蚁工蚁数量的差异均不显著.By the methods of bait （ honey, peanut oil, sausage, and mealworm larvae） trap, this paper studied the searching time, recruitment time, and recruitment number of ants in 3 typical habitats invaded and un-invaded by red imported fire ant （Solenopsis invicta） in South China, and analyzed the effects of S. invicta invasion on the foraging intensity of native ants. In S. invicta invaded lawn, the searching time of ants for mealworm larvae and peanut oil was significantly shorter, compared with that in S. invicta un-invaded area. Less difference was observed in the searching time for the 4 baits between S. invicta invaded and un-invaded wasteland, but the recruitment time for peanut oil was significantly longer in invaded than in un-invaded area. The searching time and recruitment time of the ants for the 4 baits had less difference between the invaded and un-invaded litehi orchard. 30 min after setting bait traps, the recruitment number of S. invicta workers on peanut oil, mealworm larvae, and sausage in invaded lawn, and on peanut oil in invaded wasteland was larger than that of native ants, but no significant difference was found in the recruitment number of S. invicta workers and native ants on the baits in invaded litehi orchard.

关 键 词：红火蚁 本地蚂蚁 搜寻时间 召集时间 召集数量 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]