区域气候模式对我国冬春季气温和降水预报评估  

Assessment Analysis on Winter and Spring Temperature and Rainfall Forecasts over China with Regional Climate Model

作　　者：孙林海[1] 艾秀[1] 宋文玲[1] 刘一鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家气候中心,北京100081

出　　处：《应用气象学报》2009年第5期546-554,共9页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“我国动力统计相结合的年度预测方法研究”(40675038);中国气象局新技术推广重点项目“月动力模式与统计降尺度结合预测极端温度日数”(CMATG2009ID03)共同资助

摘　　要：使用国家气候中心全球海气耦合模式嵌套区域气候模式（RegCM_NCC）对1983—2002年冬季以及1984—2003年春季我国平均气温和降水进行了数值回报试验,并对2003—2007年进行实时预报。结果表明：区域气候模式20年冬、春季平均气温的回报与实况在分布形态上较为相似,我国大部地区平均气温预报与实况接近;模式回报的冬、春季降水量的分布形态与实况有较大差异,全国大部地区模式回报降水量比实况偏多,西南地区降水量误差最大。使用国家气候中心气候预测室的业务预报评分（P）和距平相关系数（ACC）等5个评估参数对模式的回报和预报进行了评估分析,结果表明：该模式对我国冬、春季平均气温和降水具有一定的跨季度预报能力。大多数年份冬、春季平均气温的P评分在60以上,冬、春季平均气温多年平均分别为66.4和67.8;大多数年份的冬、春季降水评分为60~75,冬、春季降水多年平均分别为69.9和65.6。Regional climate model of National Climate Center（RegCM_NCC） is developed from the second generation regional climate model（RegCM2） of NCAR.Horizontal resolution of RegCM_NCC is 60 km,and the center position is 35°N,110°E,with 151 by 79 grids,covering most areas of the East Asian.The vertical dimension is divided into 16 layers,and the top-level atmospheric pressure is 100 hPa.15 laps are adopted for buffer zone.The initial and lateral boundary conditions come from the corresponding nested National Climate Center global coupled model（CGCM_NCC）.In order to study the prediction ability of RegCM_NCC,operational assessment（five parameters） of National Climate Center are used to assess the hindcast of average temperature and precipitation of RegCM_NCC from 1983 to 2002 in winter and 1984 to 2003 in spring,as well as the real-time forecasting from 2003 to 2007.The hindcast of average temperature in winter by RegCM_NCC for 20 years is similar to the observation.The forecast of the average temperature is lower than the observation in general.The hindcast of precipitation distribution in winter is obviously different from the observation.Forecasts of precipitation are in southwest China are especially inaccurate.The correlation coefficient distributions of the average temperature and precipitation between the forecast and the observation in most areas are positive. The P score of winter average temperature in most years are greater than 60,and the average is 66.4.The ACC of winter average temperature is-0.7—0.4 and the average is-0.07.The P score of the winter precipitation in most years are 60—80 and the average is 69.9.The ACC of precipitation are-0.2—0.5,with the average of 0.05. The hindcast of average temperature in spring by RegCM_NCC for 20 years is similar to the observation.The forecast of average temperature in eastern China is higher,and that in western China is lower than observation.There are great differences between hindcast of spring precipitation distribution and the observation.In

关 键 词：区域气候模式 回报 预报 评估分析 

分 类 号：P457.6[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]