长链烷基苯磺酸钠Gemini表面活性剂的合成和表面活性  

Synthesis and Surface Activity of Gemini Surfactants Sodium Alkylbenzene Sulfonates

作　　者：刘学鹏[1,2] 丰杰[1,2] 徐志成[1] 靳志强[1] 赵濉[1] 俞稼镛[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100080 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《精细化工》2009年第11期1059-1063,共5页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2008ZX05011)~~

摘　　要：以脂肪酸、苯酚、乙二醇为原料,经酰化反应、酯化反应、Fries重排、氢化还原反应、磺化以及中和反应等步骤,合成出3种长链烷基苯磺酸钠Gem in i表面活性剂。用IR、1HNMR和ESI-MS对产物进行了结构鉴定。以W ilhelmy-p late法测定了30℃时它们在水溶液中的临界胶束浓度（CMC）和临界胶束浓度下的表面张力（γCMC）。纯水溶液中其临界胶束浓度（CMC）为10^-4-10^-5mol/L,γCMC为35-37 mN/m;随着苯环上长链烷基碳数（n=8、10、12）的增加,CMC分别为5.94×10-4、1.53×10^-5、0.46×10^-5mol/L;γCMC分别为36.9、34.4、34.4 mN/m。结果表明,此类表面活性剂具有比较好的表面活性。Three novel surfactants,Gemini surfactants sodium alkylbenzene sulfonates,were synthesized from fatty acid,phenol and ethylene glycol through the Friedel-Crafts acylation,esterification,Fries rearrangement,Pd-catalyzed hydrogenation,sulfonation and neutralization.The structures of these products were characterized by IR,1HNMR and ESI-MS methods.The critical micelle concentration（CMC） and the surface tension at the CMC（γCMC） of the surfactants in aqueous solution at 30 ℃ were measured by means of the Wilhelmy-plate method.The results show that the values of CMC（mol/L） reached to the order of magnitude of 10-4～10-5 and the values of γCMC were 35~37 mN/m.Both the CMC（respectively 5.94×10-4,1.53×10-5,0.46×10-5mol/L） and γCMC（respectively 36.9,34.4,34.4 mN/m） decrease,as the carbon atom number（n=8,10,12） of the substituted hydrophobic chain in benzene ring increases.The experiment results showed that these surfactants have high surface activities.

关 键 词：长链烷基苯磺酸钠 GEMINI表面活性剂 CMC γCMC 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]