国家与农民的关系:历史视野下的综合考察  

A Comprehensively Historical Review on the Relationship between the States and the Farmers

作　　者：李成贵[1] 孙大光[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院农村发展研究所 [2]中国社会科学院财政与贸易经济研究所

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2009年第6期54-61,共8页China Rural Survey

摘　　要：中国农村改革的基本逻辑和主要内容,就是调整国家与农民的关系。改革之前,国家统得太多,管得太死,农民失去了一组促进经济增长的核心权利。这些权利主要包括土地使用的权利、进入市场的权利、流动与从事非农产业的权利、自治的权利以及获得财政资源的权利。其结果是,农村经济发展非常缓慢,农民无法摆脱贫穷。改革以来,农村发展和农民生存状态改善的主要原因就在于国家赋予了农民上述关键性的权利。目前"三农"问题依然严重,也是因为国家对农民的赋权还不充分;"三农"问题的解决,也就必然要求进一步给农民赋权。The basic logic and the core theme of China's rural reform can be considered as the adjustment of the relationship between the state and the farmers.Before China's reform,due to the state's tight control,the farmers had no claim rights for land,no access to market,no rights to migrate and take in non-farming,no rights to be self-governance,and no rights to get financial support,consequently no incentives and resources to develop economy.As the reform progresses,the relationship between the state and the farmers has been reshaped and rebuilt;the farmers therefore have obtained some of substantial rights and individual liberty which were mentioned above.This has led to a great success in rural development.Nevertheless,the farmers still have no sufficient rights;the rural development in China is still facing a lot of severe problems.Logically the most important solution to those problems is to reinforce farmers by giving them more rights and supports.

关 键 词：国家 农民 权利 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济] F812.0