汶川地震中楼梯结构的破坏现象及对策  

Special failure modes of stair structures by Wenchuan Earthquake and its countermeasures

作　　者：全学友[1] 米伟[1] 张智强 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400045 [2]重庆陈曾建筑工程设计事务所,重庆400045

出　　处：《建筑结构》2009年第11期75-77,共3页Building Structure

摘　　要：以5.12汶川地震楼梯结构实际震害调查结果为基础,分析了地震层间位移条件下楼梯结构的受力特点和破坏机理,指出梯段及平台板受到层间剪切变形引起的拉力和压力作用,可能引发楼梯断裂、板底钢筋锚固失效及平台扭转等问题,对装配式楼梯则可能造成楼梯坍塌;提出了将梯段板上端整体连接、下端简支的构造作法,可以消除层间位移引起的梯段轴力。Based on the spot field investigation of the damages of stair structures caused by 5· 12 Wenchuan Earthquake, mechanical characteristics and failure mechanism of stair structure under inter-story shift have been studied. It was pointed out that stair flights and stair landing must suffer tension and compression force caused by earthquake inter-story shift, and thereby results in breaking of stair concrete, anchorage failure of bottom bars and potential rotational displacement of stair landing, as well as collapse of prefabricated assembly stairs. Practical seismic design measures for stair structures, with which axial forces caused by inter-story drift may be eliminated, have been proposed. Details with the upper end of stair flight monolithicaUy integrated and the lower end simply supported have been recommended.

关 键 词：汶川地震 楼梯震害 楼梯抗震设计 

分 类 号：TU229.014[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU196.1