从业人员预防性健康检查实验室检测项目与频次研究  

Laboratory Test Items of Preventive Health Examination and Frequency Research on Practitioners

作　　者：董玲 马洪棉[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北省邢台县疾病预防控制中心,054000 [2]邢台市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《职业与健康》2009年第23期2618-2620,共3页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的调查研究中华人民共和国从业人员预防性健康检查实验室检查项目与频次,为制定切实可行的检查项目与频次提供科学依据。方法采用连续监测速率法测定血清中ALT活力,ELISA方法检测血清中HBV血清标志物5项,对阳性者进行流行病学调查。大便培养采用统一的培养基和检验方法,按操作常规进行培养和检测。结果ALT活力升高1829名,其中HBV感染者占49.1%,而未感染者占50.90%;HBsAg阳性为新聘用的初检人员(1091/12636),在5年的续检人员(44131)中,HBsAg全是阴性。但是,HBsAg阴性不能排除HBV感染;大便培养检测痢疾、伤寒或副伤寒全是阴性。结论ALT检测对预防HBV传染没有现实意义,建议从实验室检查项目中删去;为防止隐匿性HBV遗漏,建议检测HBV血清标志物5项;对抗-HBs阴性者,建议检测的间隔时间不少于2年;对抗-HBs阳性者,建议续检的间隔时间不少于5年,但不应超过10年;1年1次的大便培养检测,建议从实验室检查项目中删去,归为有碍公共卫生疾病的其他类。[ Objective] To investigate the laboratory test items of preventive health examination and frequency research on practitioners in China, and provide scientific evidence for developing practical examination items and frequency. [ Methods] Continuous monitoring speed method was adopted to determine serum ALT activity, ELISA was used for detection of 5 serologic markers of HBV, the positive cases were conducted epidemiological survey. Uniform medium and testing methods were applied for stool culture. [ Results] Totally 1829 cases were detected with elevated ALT activity, among which 49.1% were HBV infectors, 50.90% were not infected with HBV; HBsAg positive cases were newly employed practitioners （ 1091/12636 ）, practitioners with continuous examination of 5 years were all HBsAg negative. [ Conclusion ] There is no practical significance for HBV prevention by using ALT test; therefore, it is suggested to eliminate it from laboratory test items. To avoid missing detection of the occult HBV cases, 5 serologic markers detection of HBV should be performed. Detection interval should be more than 2 years for anti -HBs negative cases, for anti -HBs positive cases that should be more than 5 years, and less than 10 years. Annual stool culture test should be deleted from the laboratory test items and be classified to other checking items of diseases with public health hazard.

关 键 词：从业人员 检查 项目 频次 研究 

分 类 号：R19[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]