全球红葡萄氮素营养及氮肥施用效果研究  

Study on the N-element Nutrient of Red Globe Grape and Its Nitrogen Fertilization

作　　者：谢海霞[1] 何帅 侯振安[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学农学院资源环境系,新疆石河子832003 [2]新疆兵团农垦科学院水土所,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第32期15804-15806,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：石河子大学科学技术研究项目(2RKX2005040)

摘　　要：[目的]研究全球红葡萄氮素吸收及氮肥施用对葡萄产量及品质的影响,为新疆全球红葡萄种植中氮素管理提供依据。[方法]采用氮素单因素田间小区试验及室内分析试验。[结果]全球红葡萄在萌芽及新梢生长期和果实膨大期是生物量增加的重要时期,也是对氮素吸收量最多的时期,叶片中氮素积累量最大。施肥试验表明,施用氮肥葡萄单粒重增加,产量增加,产量与施肥量的回归关系为:y=-0.2141x2+93.2160x+23086,R2=0.9884,此时最大施用氮量为217.69kg/hm2。同时,施氮会提高浆果可滴定酸含量;当施用量在73.97～330.86kg/hm2时,随施氮量的增加,葡萄可溶性固形物含量增加;氮施用量在116.40～292.97kg/hm2时,固酸比随氮施用量增加而提高。[结论]施用氮肥可促进全球红葡萄果实产量形成,但生产中要适当控制氮施用量,防止因氮肥施用过多而引起的葡萄品质降低,同时萌芽及新梢生长期和果实膨大期是全球红葡萄对氮素需求的2个重要时期,此时氮素营养要供应充足。[ Objective ] The reference for the management of N-element nutrient of Red Globe Grape was provided through the research on the effect of the N absorption of the grape and the N-fertilization on grape yield and quality. [ Method ] The experiment in the nitrogen application in field and relevant test and analysis in Lab were conducted. [ Results ] The results showed that the budding and fruit expanding stage was very important period of biomass formation, and also most demand for nitrogen during its growth and development and most of nitrogen was accumulated in leaf. The nitrogen fertilization could increase the weight of per berry for higher yield. The regression relation between the amount of nitrogen fertilization and grape yield was： y = -0. 214 1 x2 ＋ 93. 216 0x ＋ 23 086, （R2 = 0. 988 4; y： yield and x： N）. The maximum amount of nitrogen fertilization was 217.69 kg/hm2. The soluble solid matter in grape was raised with the increment of N-fertilization. The ratio of TSS/TA was increased with the increment of N-fertilization while the N-fertilization was between 73.97 kg/hm2 to 330.86 kg/hm2. [ Conclusion ] The N-fertilization could promote grape fruit formation but the control of N-fertilization should be done in moderate growth period, which would avoid of the formation of bad quality grape because of over N-fertilization. Meanwhile, two key stages of grape to N-requirement were the budding and fruit expanding stage, at which, the N-fertilization should be enough.

关 键 词：全球红葡萄 氮素 氮肥 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S147.2[农业科学—肥料学]