干旱对农业危害的特点及其减灾技术  

Characteristics of Drought on Agriculture and Technology of Reducing Disaster

作　　者：邓振镛[1] 倾继祖[1] 黄蕾诺[1] 奚立宗[2] 徐金芳 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所甘肃省(中国气象局)干旱气候变化与减灾重点(开放)实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省气象局,甘肃兰州730020 [3]甘肃省气象信息中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2009年第32期16177-16179,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部公益行业科研专项(GYHY200806021);国家自然基金重点项目(40830957);干旱气象科学研究基金项目(IAM200811)资助

摘　　要：干旱是一种较长时间尺度的气候灾害。大气环流异常是干旱形成的直接原因,气候变暖变干是导致干旱频繁发生的重要原因。当气温升高,地表蒸发量加大,自然降水量减少,土壤水分迅速下降,致使大气干旱和土壤干旱同时发生,从而造成农业生产严重受损。阐述了干旱的危害特点、分类和气候特征,形成原因和发生规律、对全球气候变暖的响应,监测和预测与预警、减灾技术及应对策略。Drought is a long lasting and the most damaging climatic disaster. Atmospheric circulation anomaly is the direct cause for the formation of drought disaster. Global climate is getting wanner and drier, which caused the frequent oeeurance of drought. With temperature ris- ing, the earth surface evaporation increased, whereas the amount of precipitation and the soil moisture content decreased, then drought of soil and atmosphere occur simultaneously and agriculture production severely damaged. The characteristics of drought hazard, classification, climatic characters, cause of formation, law of drought occurrence, response to global climate wanning, monitoring and early warming, technology of reducing disaster and countermeasures etc. were described.

关 键 词：干旱 危害特点 减灾技术 

分 类 号：S423[农业科学—植物保护]