玉米生育期热量指标及其不同品种栽培北界的研究  

Study on Heat Index at Growing Stages of Corn and the Planting Border of Different Varieties in the North

作　　者：孙孟梅[1] 姜丽霞[1] 于荣环[1] 孙玉亭[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气象科学研究所

出　　处：《中国农业气象》1998年第4期8-12,16,共6页Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology

摘　　要：通过玉米分期播种资料，分析了不同发育期发育速度与温度的关系，得出在作物营养生长时期用有效积温作为热量指标比较稳定，播种到出苗生物学下限温度为８℃，品种间的差异不大。出苗到抽雄所需的有效积温可用品种的叶片数来计算，所需要的有效积温（ｙ）与叶片数（ｘ）关系可以写成：ｙ＝３０．２ｘ＋３１．８。进入繁殖生长期用≥１０℃积温作为抽雄到成熟的热量指标，并用抽雄期进行订正。用播种到成熟各发育阶段的热量指标来确定能否成熟及由成熟度所造成的减产程度。以品种８０％年份能够成熟的地区作为品种栽培的北界。ased on the seeding data from different seeding periods of corn, this paper analyzes the relationship between temperature and growing speed of corn at different growing stages. A conclusion is reached that it is relatively stable to use effectively accumulated temperature as heat index at vegetative growth period. From seeding the period to the period of emergence, the lower limit of temperautre is 8℃ which is hardly varies among varieties. From the period of emergence to heading period, the accumulated temperature needed is calculated according to the number of leaves. The relation of effectively accumulated temperature and the number of leaves is expressed as follows: y=30.2x+31.8. After entering into reproductive period, the accumulated temperature greater than or equal to 10℃ is considered as heat index from heading to ripening. This heat index is corrected during heading period. According to heat indexes of different developing stages from seeding to ripening, whether it will ripen or not can be determined, so can the extent of output reduction resulted from the grade of maturity. The plating border for a variety in the north is defined according to whether it ripens in 80 percent of the years.

关 键 词：发育速度 有效积温 成熟度 玉米 播种 栽培 

分 类 号：S513.04[农业科学—作物学] S161.21