早晚熟夏大豆品种花荚形成的比较  

COMPARISON OF DEVELOPMENT OF FLOWERS AND PODS BETWEEN EARLY AND LATE SUMMER SOYBEAN VARIETIES

作　　者：张孟臣 

机构地区：[1]河北省粮油作物所

出　　处：《大豆科学》1998年第3期236-241,共6页Soybean Science

摘　　要：通过对１７个有限、亚有限型夏大豆品种的研究结果，鼓粒前的花荚期长短是选择夏大豆品种生育期长短的重要因素。不同熟期类型品种间生殖器官发育规律存在差异。早熟品种较晚熟品种花、荚形成发育快、时间短，脱落也快。当早熟品种生育重心进入鼓粒前的中、大荚形成发育过程中（相当于Ｒ４阶段）时，晚熟品种的相对时期还处在花和幼小荚的形成发育过程中（相当于Ｒ２－Ｒ３阶段）。早熟品种较晚熟品种的盛花期和终花期相对缩短１０天左右，始荚期缩短５天左右，盛荚期和鼓粒期（开始鼓粒荚大量增多时期）缩短了１０－１５天。通过分析认为，在本区所代表的生态条件下，夏大豆鼓粒前的花荚期以２５天左右为宜。因早熟品种开花结荚时间短而集中，在该期如加强管理可获得高产。晚熟品种开花结荚时间长，不因短期不良环境而大量减产，稳产性强。Study result of 17 determinate and semi-determinate summer soybean varieties shows that the long and short flowering and pod lengthening period is an important factor for selecting long or short duration period of summer soybean varieties. There is difference between different maturing types varieties on reproductive organ development. Flowers and pods of early-maturing varieties are faster in development, shorter in forming period and faster in pod shedding than late varieties. When the early maturing varieties come into middle and large pods forming (similar to R4 stage) period, the late maturing varieties are in the course of flowering, Young and little pods forming (similar to R2-R3 stage) period. The early-maturing varieties is about 10 days short for full blooming and flower ending stage, about 5 days shorter at initial podding stage and 10-15 days short at flourish podding stage and filling stage than late-maturing ones. Analysis suggests that 25 days is the suitable flowering and podding period for summer soybean.

关 键 词：夏大豆 生育期与生育阶段 花荚形成 

分 类 号：S565.103[农业科学—作物学]