不同需冷量桃树对周年光温变化的生长和生理响应研究  

Growth,Dormancy and Freezing Tolerance of Different Chilling Requirement Peach Cultivars under Seasonal Changes

作　　者：王海波[1,2,3] 王孝娣[1,2] 高东升[3] 王宝亮[1,2] 刘凤之[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部果树种质资源重点开放实验室,辽宁兴城125100 [2]中国农业科学院果树研究所,辽宁兴城125100 [3]山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2009年第10期2058-2062,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑项目(2006BAD07B06);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2001AA247041);中国农业科学院作物科学研究所中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项

摘　　要：以‘青州冬雪蜜’(高需冷量)、‘春雪’(中需冷量)和‘春捷’(低需冷量)桃树品种的3年生幼树为试材,研究不同需冷量桃树对周年光温变化适应性反应的差异。结果表明:在周年季节变化过程中,‘青州冬雪蜜’生长停止时间、冷适应发展时间和休眠发展时间分别比‘春捷’约早31、30和30d,而其休眠解除时间比‘春捷’约晚60d;‘青州冬雪蜜’冬季芽半致死温度比‘春捷’低5.4℃,而其春天萌芽和生长开始时间分别比‘春捷’晚11和13d。研究发现,高需冷量桃树生长停止、冷适应发展和休眠发展的时期早于低需冷量桃树,而其休眠解除比低需冷量桃树迟缓;高需冷量桃树冬季抗冻性强于低需冷量桃树,而其春天芽萌发和生长开始的时期晚于低需冷量桃树。Three distinct chilling requirement ecotypes of peach were employed to elucidate differences in adaptive responses under seasonal changes.The results showed that：the date of growth cessation,cold acclimation and dormancy development of ＇Qingzhoudongxuemi＇ are 31,30 and 30 d earlier than that of ＇Chunjie＇ peach respectively,and its dormancy release is about 60d later than ＇Chunjie＇;LT50 of ＇Qingzhoudongxuemi＇ is 5.4℃ lower than that of ＇Chunjie＇ peach,and its date of germination and growth initiation are 11 and 13 d later than that of ＇Chunjie＇ respectively.These results indicated that growth cessation,cold acclimation and dormancy development of high chilling requirement ecotype peach in autumn are earlier than that of low chilling requirement ecotype peach,but its dormancy release,bud germination and growth are later than low chilling requirement ones.Higher freezing tolerance is linked to high chilling requirement character.

关 键 词：桃 需冷量 生长停止 休眠发展 冷适应 

分 类 号：Q945.4[生物学—植物学]