陕西省饮水型氟中毒防治效果调查  

Drinking Water Type Fluorosis Control and Prevention in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：刘晓莉[1] 李晓茜[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西省地方病防治研究所氟病室,陕西西安710003

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2009年第11期994-995,共2页Journal of Environment and Health

摘　　要：目的调查陕西省饮水型地方性氟中毒的防治效果。方法于2008年采用随机整群抽样方法分别抽取中(2.0mg/L<水氟≤4.0mg/L)、重(水氟>4.0mg/L)病区村39、46个。对饮水氟含量以及儿童氟斑牙病情和尿氟含量进行调查。结果改水病区饮水氟含量为(1.4±0.8)mg/L,低于未改水病区([2.6±1.5)mg/L],差异有统计学意义(t=-7.695,P<0.01)。但两病区饮水氟含量仍高于国家标准。改水病区儿童尿氟含量中位数为1.8mg/L,低于未改水病区(中位数为2.9mg/L),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。改水病区儿童氟斑牙患病率为43.69%,低于未改水病区(59.92%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=78.349,P<0.01)。改水病区轻度及其以下的氟斑牙患者占73.58%,高于未改水病区(61.85%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=21.564,P<0.01)。两病区氟斑牙指数均为中等水平。结论陕西省改水预防饮水型氟中毒取得了良好效果。Objective To know the effect of on the drinking water type endemic fluorosis control and prevention in Shaannxi province. Methods With random cluster sampling method, 39 and 46 villages were respectively selected from the moderate（water fluoride ：2.0 -4.0 mg/L）and serious （Water.fluoride：〉4.0 mg/L） fluorosis areas in 2008. The fluoride content of the drinking water, the chlidren＇s dental fluorosis and urinary fluoride were investigated. Results The fluoride in drinking water in the water improved areas was （ 1.4±0.8 ）mg/L ,which was significantly lower than that in the non-water improved areas （2.6±1.5）mg/L （P〈 0.01）.But the fluoride content of drinking water in two areas were still higher than the national standards limit. The children＇s urinary fluoride in the water-improved areas was 1.8 mg/L, which was lower than that in the non-water improved areas （2.9 mg/L） with significant difference （P〈0.01）.In the water-improved areas, the dental fluorosis rate was 43.69%, which was significantly lower than that in the non-water improved areas （59.92%）（P〈0.01）. In the water-improved areas, the patients with dental fluorosis of slight level accounted for 73.58%, which was significantly higher [P〈0.01 compared with that in the non water-unimproved areas （61.85%）].The dental fluorosis indices in two areas were middle level. Conclusion Water improvement for controlling the drinking water type fluorosis has acquired favorable effect in Shaanxi province.

关 键 词：水 饮水型氟中毒 防治分析 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]