第四纪湖相介形类壳体化石在古环境中的应用——种属组合研究进展与问题  

Applications of Non-marine Ostracods in Quaternary Paleoenvironment——Advances and Problems in Fossil Assemblages

作　　者：张家武[1] 何晶[1] 陈硕[1] 李双[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2009年第11期1229-1237,共9页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新群体项目"青藏高原和中东亚干旱区环境变化与地表过程研究"(编号:40721061);国家自然科学基金项目"西部季风边缘区湖泊沉积记录的全新世气候变化模式研究"(编号:40871093)资助

摘　　要：综述了第四纪湖相介形虫化石种属组合在环境重建研究中取得的进展和存在问题,讨论了今后发展的趋势。湖泊沉积物介形类种属组合正逐渐成为古环境重建研究的常规微体生物学指标,过去几十年来国际国内研究取得重要进展,种属组合与环境参数的定量化研究成为主要趋势。化石壳体样品处理、埋藏条件评价等是提取种属组合指标的重要影响因素,需要规范化。现生种的个体与群落生态信息定量观测、调查研究是利用现代类比法(MAT)定量重建古环境的基础,也是我国介形类化石组合与环境重建中应该加强的方面。Mon-marine ostracods have been successfully used as an indictor of Quaternary paeoenvironmental changes throughout the world during the past several decades. Fossil assemblages have become a conventional bio- logical proxy in paleoenvironment reconstruction for many non-marine environments indicative of paeotemperature, paleosalinity （or water chemistry）, water depth （or lake level）, paeohydrology and human impacts on the natural environment. Quantitative analyses of the relationship between modern assemblages and environmental parameters provide robust calibration for reconstructing paleoenvironment quantitatively by establishing different types of trans- fer functions. Prominent advances have been made in quantitative paleoenvironmental reconstruction during the past ten years or so. Attentions should be paid to the pretreatments on samples in order not to alter the primitive assem- blages and the evaluation on the taphonomy of the fossil ostracods also provides valuable information of the paleocn- vronment or paeoeeology. Compared to international researches, fossil assemblages and paeocnvironment study in China are currently concentrated on qualitative interpretations and quantitative calibrations are relatively rare, due to the lack of ecological information of the living species or populations through detailed regular observations. Therefore, more efforts should be made by the ostracodologists in the future in acquiring detailed modern ecological information of living species for the purpose of quantitative transfer functions as it is fundamental for the paleoenvironmental reconstruction.

关 键 词：湖相介形虫 第四纪环境 化石组合 湖泊沉积 

分 类 号：Q915.819.6[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P534.63[生物学—古生物学]