晶质岩石的地震波性质及其地质、地球物理意义  

Seismic properties of crystalline rocks and geological and geophysical implications

作　　者：嵇少丞[1,2] 王茜 孙圣思 

机构地区：[1]加拿大蒙特利尔综合工学院民用、地质和采矿工程系 蒙特利尔 H3C3A7 [2]中国地质科学院地质研究所国土资源部大陆动力学重点实验室,北京100037

出　　处：《地质科学》2009年第4期1113-1135,共23页Chinese Journal of Geology(Scientia Geologica Sinica)

基　　金：国家杰出海外青年学者基金;中国科学院杰出海外青年学者和加拿大自然科学和工程研究基金联合资助的成果

摘　　要：人类有关地球内部物质成份、结构和物理状态的认识绝大多数来自于地震波的资料,而地震波资料的正确解释又离不开岩石地震波性质的高温高压实验研究。地壳和地幔岩石的地震波性质和各向异性是当今世界地学前沿研究的一项重要内容,该领域横跨了地震学、岩石物理学和构造地质学,在过去一段时间里非常活跃并取得许多重要的成果。本文仅将作者近年来研究岩石地震波性质(例如,岩石波速滞后性,地震波速随围压的变化规律,纵、横波速之间的关系,泊松比等)的部分进展做一简扼的综述,并谨以此纪念已故中国科学院院士张文佑先生诞辰100周年。Our knowledge of the chemical composition, physical state and structure of the Earth＇s interior mainly comes from seismic data. Interpretation of seismic data, in turn, is largely constrained by the extrapolation of laboratory-measured seismic properties of relevant rocks thought to exist in a given environment. Thus, laboratory geological and physical （ i. e., studies of rock seismic properties pressure and temperature ） as functions of pressure and temperature are particularly important for correct interpretation of in-situ seismic data. Breakthroughs in the understanding of rock seismic properties and in the development of innovative technologies for multi-scale observations and quantitative measurements of seismic velocities and anisotropy in the Earth＇s interior have taken seismology as one of the most active new frontiers of solid Earth sciences during the last decades. The aim of this article is to provide a critical overview on several important aspects of rock seismic properties： seismic velocity hysteresis, velocity-pressure relationship, correlations between P- and S-wave velocities,and Poisson＇s ratio and its implications for the composition and tectonic evolution of the continental crust. This paper is dedicated to Professor Wenyou Zhang,a former member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences,on the occasion of his 100^th birthday.

关 键 词：晶质岩石 高压实验 地震波速 泊松比 各向异性 地壳成份 构造变形 

分 类 号：P313[天文地球—固体地球物理学] P541[天文地球—地球物理学]