2006年甘肃省地方性砷中毒调查结果分析  

Analysis of the outcome of surveillance of endemic arsenium in Gansu Province

作　　者：柏淑英[1] 格鹏飞[1] 邵建赟[1] 王文龙[1] 贾将信[1] 任永贵[1] 徐吉敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省疾病预防控制中心地方病科,兰州730020

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》2009年第6期655-657,共3页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

基　　金：中央补助地方公共卫生专项资金地方病防治项目（2005）

摘　　要：目的了解2006年甘肃省饮水高砷区分布范围和地方性砷中毒流行状况，为今后的防治工作提供依据。方法按全国饮用水高砷水源筛查方案，选择甘肃省12个县（区）进行饮用水含砷量筛查，用二乙氨基二硫代甲酸银分光光度法测定水砷，皮肤病变按《地方性砷中毒诊断标准》（WS／T211-2001）进行诊断。结果12个筛查县共调查145个乡540个村，采集水样11360份。检测出〉0．05mg／L的高砷水源22处，占筛查水源数的0．19％（12／11360），其中夏河县洒索玛村1眼冷泉水水砷最高，为0．97mg／L。对筛查出的17个高砷村进行了砷中毒病情调查，夏河县的4个村有病人检出，其中王格塘汪塘、完肯、完安昂村检出率均〈10％。水砷最高的洒索玛村病情较重，检出率为49．68％（77／155），检出鲍文氏病变者1例，年龄范围为2～82岁。该村汉、回、藏3个民族混居，以汉族检出率最高为81．25％（13／16），回族次之为50．56％（45／89），藏族最低为38．00％（19／50）。其余13个村未检出阳性体征者。结论甘肃省高砷水源分布范围进一步扩大，局部病区病情较重，并存在冷泉型地方型砷中毒病区。Objective To explore the distribution of high-arsenic drinking water and prevalence of endemic arsenism in Gansu Province in order to provide basis for prevention. Methods According to State Screening Project of High-arsenic Drinking Water in 2006, 12 counties were investigated to determine the contentarsenic in Gansu Province. The level of arsenic content in drinking water was determined by silver dithyldithiocarbamate spectrophotometric method and atomic fluorescence method. Patients with endemic arsenium were diagnosed with The Standard of Diagnosis for Endemic Arsenium（WS/T 211-2001 ）. Results A total of 11 360 samples of 540 villages, 145 townships, and 12 counties were surveyed. Twenty two high-arsenic wellsprings were found in Chenxian and Xiahe Counties and the rate was 0.19%（ 12/11 360）. The highest content-arsenic in Sasuoma Village of cool-wellspring was 0.970 mg/L. The endemic arsenium was studied in 17 high-arsenic villages. In Xiahe, 4 patients were diagnosed, the morbidity rate of endemic arsenium in Wangtang, Wanken, Wananang Villages was lower 10%. Detection rate was 49.68%（77/155） in Sasouma Village, 1 case of Boweens was found. The youngest patient was only 2 years old, and the oldest one 82 years old. The highest Detection rate of Han population was 81.25% （13/16）, Hui 50.56% （45/89）, and Zang 38.00%（19/50）. According to The Standard for Determining Affected Area of Endemie Arsenism, the village was elaimed to be seriously affected area in the type of eoolwellspring of drinking water arsenic. No patient was found in other villages. Conclusions High-arsenic areas are broadening in recent years. In some places, the prevalence of this disease is very serious. The affeeted area belongs to drinking water arsenie of cool-wellspring type.

关 键 词：砷中毒 饮水 数据收集 

分 类 号：R686[医药卫生—骨科学]