水分和磷素对木荷不同种源苗木生长和磷效率的影响  

Effects of soil moisture condition and phosphorus supply on the seedlings growth and phosphorus efficiency of Schima superba provenances

作　　者：林磊[1] 周志春[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,浙江富阳311400

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2009年第11期2617-2623,共7页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家林业局重点科技项目(2008-05);浙江省重大科技专项(2008C02004-2);浙江省-中国林业科学研究院合作项目(2006SY06)资助.

摘　　要：以用木荷中心产区的浙江龙泉、福建建瓯、尤溪和江西吉安4个代表性优良种源为试验材料,以广西产红荷为对照,设置不同水分处理和磷素水平的盆栽试验,研究水分和磷素对木荷种源苗木生长和生理指标的影响.结果表明：在不同的水分和磷素处理下,4个参试种源的苗木生长、根系形态参数和磷素吸收效率等均存在显著的遗传差异,福建建瓯和浙江龙泉种源苗木生长量大、根系发达、磷素吸收效率高,生长表现明显优于福建尤溪和江西吉安种源,而广西产红荷则保持其原产地速生、抗旱、耐瘠的特性.土壤水分和磷素对木荷种源苗木生长影响显著.适宜水分条件下,种源苗木径生长、干物质量、根系参数和磷素吸收效率较干旱胁迫条件下高18.5%~105.6%,高磷水平下种源苗木上述性状较低磷处理高37.5%~286.2%.但在干旱和低磷胁迫下,木荷将光合产物更多地分配至地下根系,磷素利用效率也较高,这可能是木荷适应干旱和低磷胁迫的重要生理机制.相对于显著的种源、水分和磷素主效应,其间的交互作用则可以忽略.Taking four representative Schima superba provenances from Longquan in Zhejiang, Jian＇ ou and Youxi in Fujian, and Ji＇ an in Jiangxi as test materials, and with the S. wallichii from Guangxi as the contrast, a pot experiment was conducted to study their seedlings growth and physiological responses under effects of different soil moisture condition and phosphorus supply. Signifi- cant differences were observed in the seedlings growth, root morphological parameters, and phosphorus absorption efficiency among the provenances under different soil moisture condition and phosphorus supply. The provenances from Jian＇ ou in Fujian and Longquan in Zhejiang exhibited larger growth increment, more developed root, and higher phosphorus absorption efficiency, com- pared with those from Youxi in Fujian and Ji＇an in Jiangxi, while the S. wallichii from Guangxi Province remained its original characteristics of fast growing and drought and infertility resistance. Soil moisture condition and phosphorous supply had significant effects on the growth and development of S. superba. The seedlings growth, dry matter accumulation, root parameters, and phos- phorus absorption efficiency were 18.5%-105.6% higher under appropriate soil moisture condition than under drought stress, and 37.5%-286. 2% higher under high phosphorus than Under low phosphorus supply. However, under drought stress and low phosphorus supply, S. superb＇a seedlings allocated more photosynthetic products to their roots, and had higher phosphorus use efficiency, which could be an important physiological mechanism of the adaptation to drought stress and low phosphorus supply. Relative to the significant independent effects of provenance, watering level, and phosphorus supply, no significant interactive effects of the three factors were observed.

关 键 词：木荷 种源 干旱胁迫 低磷胁迫 遗传反应 交互作用 

分 类 号：S792.99[农业科学—林木遗传育种]