基于GIS的不同温度带的黄土高原土壤侵蚀研究  

Study on Soil Erosion under Different Temperature Zone in Loess Plateau by GIS

作　　者：李斌[1] 张金屯[2] 

机构地区：[1]中北大学化工与环境学院,太原030051 [2]北京师范大学生命科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2009年第21期328-331,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30070140);山西省自然科学基金项目(20031043)

摘　　要：利用地理信息系统技术对黄土高原土壤侵蚀空间数据和温度带等级数据进行了空间叠加统计分析。研究表明,水蚀、风蚀和水-风混合侵蚀在温度带各级均有分布,但是极强和剧烈水蚀分布在温度带等级从2到3,冻融侵蚀分布在温度带等级从1到3。在温度带等级为4时,也就是黄土高原10℃积温介于3500-4500℃的暖温带时,水蚀土壤侵蚀指数均比其它温度带等级的土壤侵蚀指数大。在温度带等级为1时,也就是黄土高原10℃积温〈1700℃的寒温度,风蚀土壤侵蚀指数均比其它温度带等级的土壤侵蚀指数大。在10℃积温介于1700-2600℃的温度带等级2时,水-风混合侵蚀土壤侵蚀最严重。黄土高原温度带的变化对土壤侵蚀状况的变化表现出显著的影响。The temperature zone is classified five grades and there exists a close relation between the temperature zone and soil erosion in Loess Plateau land-scale. The relationship of the temperature zone and soil erosion in Loess Plateau is discussed through using the spatial overlay statistics for the soil erosion and temperature zone data based on Geographical information system. The results show that water erosion 、wind erosion and Water-wind erosion distributes from temperature zone grade 1 to grade 5. Water erosion above very heavy intensity dominate from temperature zone grade 2 to grade 4. Frozen erosion distributes from temperature zone grade 1 to grade 3. Water erosion index, in temperature zone grade 4 （accumulated Temp from 3500℃ to 4500℃）, is bigger than those in the rest vegetation region. Wind erosion index, in temperature zone grade 1（accumulated Temp 〈1700℃ ）, is bigger than those in the rest vegetation region. Water-wind erosion index, in temperature zone grade 2（accumulated Temp from 1700℃ to 2600℃）, is bigger than those in the rest vegetation region. These results can provide scientific evidences for the protection, utilization, recovery and reconstruction of Loess Plateau and demonstrate the effectiveness of studying the relationships of the temperature zone grade and soil erosion by Geographical information system and landscape ecological method.

关 键 词：地理信息系统 黄土高原 土壤侵蚀 温度带 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]