有害软体动物条华蜗牛(Cathaica fasciola)假死性的研究  

Study on the Death-Feigning Behavior of the Harmful Mollusk,Cathaica fasciola(Draparnaud 1801)

作　　者：张民照[1] 宗雨[1] 王雪莹[1] 蔡雪[1] 张志勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京102206

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2009年第11期3914-3921,共8页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：北京市教委科技创新平台项目(PXM2008_01_4207_055164);北京市教委"北京市大学生科学研究与创业行动计划";北京市农委项目(20070602);北京市属高等学校人才强教计划资助项目(PHR200907136)

摘　　要：【目的】研究条华蜗牛假死习性,探讨体重、温度、光照和取食等因素对假死性的影响。【方法】触碰蜗牛眼触角、唇触角、头部及按压尾部和螺壳,记录各部位从收缩到恢复原状的假死时间,研究蜗牛体重、环境温度、光照强度、饥饿和取食等对假死性的影响。【结果】条华蜗牛假死时间随体重、光照强度和饥饿时间的增加而延长,随温度和取食时间的增加而减少。体重与假死时间呈极显著正相关(P<0.0001)。三体重组(Ⅰ、Ⅲ、Ⅴ)各部位假死时间在30～40℃和取食48h分别极显著短于相应10℃和12h的(P<0.01)。在最低强度的白炽灯光(37.8lx)下,假死时间(除体重组V唇触角外)都极显著短于最高光强(4310lx)的,相同光照强度不同光质对假死性也有一定影响。饥饿72h后假死时间极显著长于12h的。【结论】刺激某些部位,条华蜗牛可表现出假死性,但假死时间与体重、温度、光照强度、取食与否有关。[ Objective ] The objective of this paper is to study the behavior of death-feigning in Cathaica fasciola and the effects of some factors such as body weight, temperature, illumination intensity, feeding and starvation on the duration of death-feigning. [Method] The effects of body weight, environmental temperature, illumination intensity, feeding and starvation on the duration of death-feigning were studied by touching the two pairs of snail tentacles and the center of head, pressing tail and shell and recording the duration from shrinkage to restoration of the posture of snail body. [ Result ] The death-feigning durations of the examined parts of the snail body increased with the increase of the snail body weight, the illumination intensity and starvation time, but decreased with the decrease of the environmental temperature and the feeding time. The snail body weight correlated highly positively with the duration of death-feigning （P〈0.0001）. The death-feigning durations of three groups of snail （group I ,III, V） under 30-40℃and fed for 48 h were highly significantly shorter than those under 10℃ and fed for 12 h, respectively （P〈0.01）. The death-feigning durations of three groups except the labial tentacles in group V under the lowest illumination intensity （37.8 Ix） from electric incandescent lamps were highly significantly longer than those under the highest illumination intensity （4 310 Ix） （P〈0.01）. Under the same illumination intensity, the illumination from daylight lamps and electric incandescent lamps had different effects on the death-feigning. After being starved for 72 h, the death-feigning durations were highly significantly longer than those for 12 h. [ Conclusion] After being stimulated, some body parts of Cathaica fasciola can exhibit the death-feigning behavior, the death-feigning durations of the stimulated body parts are related to body weight, temperature, illumination intensity, feeding and starvation.

关 键 词：条华蜗牛 假死性 体重 温度 光照强度 饥饿 取食 

分 类 号：S433[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S966.283[农业科学—植物保护]