气象参数对对流层折射影响的相关研究  

Study of tropospheric study of meteorological parameters' effect on tropospheric delay

作　　者：范国清[1] 王威[1] 郗晓宁[1] 

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学机电工程与自动化学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《测绘科学》2009年第6期37-39,共3页Science of Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家863计划资助项目(2007AA12Z307)

摘　　要：对流层折射是卫星导航测量的重要误差源之一。针对卫星导航仿真系统高精度和强实时性的要求,本文利用Hopfield模型和Saastamoinen模型分析了不同气象环境下气象参数对计算对流层天顶折射的影响。研究表明天顶折射量是各气象参数的增函数,在相同气象环境下,对各气象参数的敏感度各不相同。当气象环境改变时,敏感度的变化也不相同:气温的敏感度变化幅度最大,相对湿度次之,而大气压的敏感度保持不变。在此基础上利用距离平方反比插值方法栅格化气象站资料建立全国范围的气象环境。栅格数据的应用可将因气象参数的不准确而导致的对流层天顶折射量误差减小一个量级,对于提高卫星导航仿真系统的精度具有重要意义。It is known that tropospheric delay is one of the important error sources in satellite navigation surveying. In respond to the request for high precision and strong real-time of the satellite navigation simulation system, effects of variations of different meteorological parameters on calculating tropospheric zenith delay are discussed in different meteorological condition. And some conclusions are reached from results of simulated calculation by using Hopfield model and Saastamoinen model. Zenith delay is the increasing function of meteorological parameters. The sensitivity of different meteorological parameters is different to each other in same meteorological condition. And the variation of sensitivity is different neither when meteorological condition changing ： temperature＇s variation of sensitivity is bigger than that of relative humidity, and pressure＇s variation of sensitivity keeps the same. Based on these analyses, meteorological condition of whole country had been established by Inverse Distance Squared Interpolation using meteorological station data. Tropospheric zenith delay error caused by meteorological parameter＇ s inaccuracy could be reduced to a little magnitude using these grid data, which is very important to the accuracy improvement of satellite navigation simulation system.

关 键 词：卫星导航 对流层折射 气象参数 空间插值 

分 类 号：P3[天文地球—地球物理学]