长三角浅海辐射沙洲风能资源开发与非并网风电产业发展研究  

Exploitation of Wind Resources and Development of Wind Power Industry over Shallow Sea Radial Sand Ridges of the Yangtze River Delta

作　　者：顾为东[1] 周志莹[1] 邱涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省宏观经济研究院,南京210013

出　　处：《资源科学》2009年第11期1856-1861,共6页Resources Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(编号:2007CB210300)

摘　　要：近年来,由于长三角地区经济快速发展,对能源的需求量迅速增加,其中电力的缺口尤其明显,同时更面临着严峻的环境污染形势,迫切需要改变能源格局,改善生态环境,对新能源与可再生能源进行大规模的开发应用。位于长三角的东台、如东、大丰三市浅海辐射沙洲风能资源十分丰富,具有地质条件优越、灾害性气象概率低、没有航道、没有大型渔场和地下线缆,又地处电力负荷中心、高新技术产业基础好、人才基础厚实、资本市场发育良好、内在动力强等优势,非常适合发展大规模、超大规模海上风电场,发展空间巨大,如开发其中15%的风能资源,即可兴建一个相当于年产4250×104t标煤(相当于年开采量2980×104t原油)、每年减排1.12×108tCO2的永续绿色能源基地,不占用耕地、不产生移民、也没有生态安全问题。本文针对海上大规模风电场间歇和波动的巨大电能难以为电网承受的难题,提出大规模非并网风电与高耗能负载相结合的新路径,建设若干"无碳型"高耗能绿色重化工产业,利用风能替代化石能源,实现"高碳能源向无碳能源"的跨越;建设一系列利用非并网风电直接进行大规模海水淡化和规模化制氢的产业基地,100%利用海上风电进行大规模海水淡化和制氢,由输电上岸变为输淡水上岸、输气上岸。In recent years, the economy of the Yangtze River Delta has been growing rapidly, leading to an increasing demand for energy and resources in which the gap of electricity is especially large. On the other hand, the area is facing more and more serious eco-environmental problems, making it quite urgent to optimize energy structure, improve the eco-environment, and to carry out a large scale development and application of new resources and renewable resources. Located in the Yangtze River Delta, Dongtai, Rudong, and Dafeng Cities are very abundant in wind energy over their radial sand ridges of shallow sea. In addition, they bear a wide range of advantages, like relatively good geology conditions, small probabilities of extreme weather, no navigation channels, large fishing grounds and underground cables. They are all located at power load centers, possessing a good industrial foundation of high and new technologies, rich talents, a developed capital market, and a strong intrinsic force, all of which would be jointly conducive to development of a large scale, or a super scale offshore wind farm. Also, it has a tremendous development space. For example, developing 10%-15% of the wind resources is equal to building a sustainable green resource base which is of a great capability to produce standard coal of 25 million tons per year （equal to the mining quantity of four Nanbao oil fields）, and meanwhile to reduce CO2 emission of 123 million tons per year. Moreover, it enjoys a number of advantages like not occupying cultivated land, not producing an immigrant, and not resulting in degradation of the eco-environment. In the paper, we offered a new combination way to integrate large scale non-grid-connected wind power with heavy power consumption load based on an analysis on the difficulty of power grids in holding an intermittent and fluctuant power provided by large scale offshore wind power field. Several suggestions are also given as follows： building a series of carbon-free, high power consumption, and green h

关 键 词：长三角 辐射沙洲 风能 海上风电场 非并网风电 

分 类 号：F426.2[经济管理—产业经济]